A large body of literature supports the strong association between personality features and psychopathology. This research has, however, had little influence on day-to-day therapeutic practice, particularly in cognitive behavioral approaches that have traditionally focused on addressing the symptoms of categorically defined diagnoses. Indeed, there are few CBT protocols aimed at altering the personality features. Recently, however, the CBT literature has displayed an increased focus on identifying alternative higher-order, dimensional mechanisms that may underscore the development and maintenance of broad classes of psychopathology (e.g., aversive reactivity to emotions, reward sensitivity, and performance expectancies). There is ample evidence linking these processes to DSM disorder severity; however, they may also represent a functional link between the personality domains and the disorder symptoms organized beneath them. The functional mechanisms through which an individual's personality confers risk for psychopathology may be naturally amenable to cognitive behavioral elements, and targeting these processes in treatment has the potential to address both disorder symptoms and underlying personality vulnerabilities. Thus, the identification of intermediate functional mechanisms may help bridge the gap between personality science and clinical practice.

中文翻译：

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在认知行为治疗中整合和区分人格和精神病理学

大量文献支持人格特征与精神病理学之间的密切联系。然而，这项研究对日常治疗实践几乎没有影响，特别是在传统上专注于解决分类定义诊断症状的认知行为方法方面。事实上，很少有 CBT 协议旨在改变个性特征。然而，最近，CBT 文献越来越关注识别可能强调广泛类别精神病理学的发展和维持的替代高阶维度机制（例如，对情绪的厌恶反应、奖励敏感性和绩效预期）。有充分的证据将这些过程与DSM联系起来疾病严重程度；然而，它们也可能代表了人格领域和在它们之下组织起来的障碍症状之间的功能联系。个体人格赋予精神病理学风险的功能机制可能自然受认知行为因素的影响，并且在治疗中针对这些过程有可能解决疾病症状和潜在的人格脆弱性。因此，中间功能机制的识别可能有助于弥合人格科学与临床实践之间的差距。