We exploit the discontinuity in the integration into the colonial court district of Real Audiencia in Upper Peru to estimate how colonial institutions have impacted local development across 527 departments in Argentina. Our identification strategy takes advantage of geo‐referenced spatial boundary splits with local quasi‐randomization between the localities integrated into the colonial court jurisdiction and the localities outside Audiencia's jurisdiction. The results show the impact of colonial institutions imposed by real audiencia in Upper Peru is both strong and remarkably persistent. Departments outside the colonial court district have lower literacy rates, a less computer‐literate population, better physical and digital infrastructure, and more widespread computer ownership. The established effects of real audiencia do not seem driven by the climatic conditions and environment of disease, and are robust to a battery of specification checks, placebo tests, and falsification tests. We show that Audiencia's effect persisted through its influence on public goods provision, economic specialization patterns, clientelist networks, and elite control of the political representation.

中文翻译：

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殖民制度对长期发展的持续影响：阿根廷回归不连续性设计的本地证据

我们利用整合到上秘鲁的Real Audiencia殖民地法院区域中的不连续性来估算殖民地机构如何影响了阿根廷527个部门的地方发展。我们的识别策略利用了地理参考的空间边界分割方法，并在整合到殖民地法院管辖范围内的地方和Audiencia管辖范围之外的地方之间进行了局部准随机化。结果表明，上秘鲁的真实听觉强加的殖民制度所产生的影响既牢固又持久。殖民地法院区以外的部门识字率较低，计算机识字人口较少，物理和数字基础设施更好，并且计算机拥有量更大。真正的听觉震荡的确定作用似乎不受气候条件和疾病环境的影响，并且对一系列的规格检查，安慰剂试验和伪造试验具有鲁棒性。我们证明，奥迪亚西亚的影响通过对公共物品供给，经济专业化模式，客户网络和对政治代表的精英控制的影响而持续存在。