Abstract

Louis Sohn was an émigré scholar who fled Poland for the USA in 1939, two weeks before the Nazis invaded. His most widely known work is World Peace through World Law, co-written with Grenville Clark, a vision for a reconstructed United Nations. Writing at a time when political realism was ascendant in the USA, Sohn was labeled an ‘idealist’. Yet a strain of pragmatism also runs through his scholarship, leading many to praise him as one of the architects of modern international law. As a scholar-practitioner with a mission to help build the post-World War II international order, little overt legal theorizing appears in his work. But a close reading reveals ideas that drew implicitly on extant theory or were developed by later theorists without reference to Sohn’s writing. To help frame the analysis, this article situates Sohn’s writing in two strands of theoretical literature: pre-positivist, positivist and ‘post-positivist’ approaches to law-making by international organizations; and functionalist, constitutionalist and deliberative approaches to the powers of, and constraints on, those organizations. Sohn does not fall neatly into any of those categories; instead, fragments of his work can be found at many points along each spectrum. While the fragments do not add up to a coherent whole, the theoretical contributions of this ‘pragmatic idealist’ are greater than meets the eye.

中文翻译：

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路易·索恩的遗产

摘要

路易斯·索恩（Louis Sohn）是一名移民学者，于1939年（纳粹入侵前两周）逃离波兰前往美国。他最著名的著作是《通过世界法实现世界和平》。与格伦维尔·克拉克（Grenville Clark）合着，《重建联合国的愿景》。在美国政治现实主义兴起之时，孙恩被称为“理想主义者”。然而，实用主义的精神也贯穿于他的学术成就，使许多人称赞他是现代国际法的建筑师之一。作为一名学者从业者，其任务是帮助建立第二次世界大战后的国际秩序，在他的工作中几乎没有公开的法律理论化。但是仔细阅读后，会发现隐含在现存理论上的思想，或者是后来的理论家在不参考索恩著作的情况下提出的思想。为了帮助进行分析，本文将Sohn的写作分为两部分理论文献：国际组织立法的实证主义，实证主义和“后实证主义”方法。和功能主义者 这些组织的权力和约束的宪政和审议方法。Sohn并没有整齐地属于这些类别中的任何一个；相反，他的作品的片段可以在每个光谱的许多点找到。尽管这些片段并没有加起来是一个连贯的整体，但这种“务实的理想主义者”的理论贡献却超出了人们的视线。