Bilingualism as it occurs in current societies is a complex, multidimensional and dynamic phenomenon, calling for new approaches to capture this concept. This study shows the feasibility of a person-centred approach by combining measures of the use of and proficiency in the first and second language from 110 young Turkish–Dutch children at two measurement waves, using two existing datasets. Latent Profile Analysis revealed four profiles, equivalent at age four and six: 1) Dominant L1 use, relatively low L1 and L2 proficiency, 2) Dual L1 and L2 use, around average L1 and L2 proficiency, 3) Dominant L1 use, relatively high L1 and L2 proficiency and 4) Dominant L2 use, relatively high L2 proficiency. Latent Transition Analysis indicated that children changed in profiles over time. Regression analyses showed that profiles were differently related to the family's socioeconomic status and children's nonverbal intelligence at age four. No relations were found at age six.

中文翻译：

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幼儿双语概况：以人为本的潜在概况过渡方法

在当前社会中出现的双语是一种复杂、多维和动态的现象，需要新的方法来捕捉这一概念。本研究通过使用两个现有数据集，在两个测量波中结合对 110 名土耳其-荷兰儿童的第一和第二语言的使用和熟练程度的测量，展示了以人为本方法的可行性。潜在概况分析揭示了四个概况，相当于 4 岁和 6 岁：1)主要使用 L1，L1 和 L2 熟练度相对较低, 2)双 L1 和 L2 使用，大约平均 L1 和 L2 熟练度，3)主导 L1 使用，相对较高的 L1 和 L2 熟练度和 4)主导二语使用，二语熟练度相对较高. 潜在转换分析表明，随着时间的推移，儿童的个人资料发生了变化。回归分析表明，档案与家庭的社会经济地位和四岁儿童的非语言智力有不同的相关性。六岁时没有发现任何关系。