The assumption that everyday language switching trains bilinguals’ executive functions (EF) presupposes that language switching engages domain-general EF. This study examined associations between three types of tasks in a group of Finnish-English late bilinguals: everyday language switching frequency assessed with Ecological Momentary Assessment, language switching performance on a cued bilingual naming task, and EF as measured with Simon, Flanker, and Number-letter tasks. Cued switching performance showed mainly positive associations with EF performance, but the associations between everyday language switching and cued switching performance, and between everyday switching and the EF tasks were largely against our hypotheses. The findings indicate that participants with lower monitoring capacity make more everyday language switches. This speaks against the idea that everyday language switching would facilitate executive functioning. The results suggest that associations between language switching and general EF are more complex than current models assume.

中文翻译：

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语言切换行为是否依赖于一般执行功能？

日常语言转换训练双语者的执行功能 (EF) 的假设前提是语言转换涉及域通用 EF。本研究检查了一组芬兰-英语晚期双语者中三种类型任务之间的关联：使用生态瞬时评估评估的日常语言转换频率、提示双语命名任务的语言转换性能以及使用 Simon、Flanker 和 Number 测量的 EF - 字母任务。提示转换性能主要与 EF 性能呈正相关，但日常语言转换与提示转换性能之间以及日常转换与 EF 任务之间的关联在很大程度上与我们的假设相反。研究结果表明，监控能力较低的参与者进行更多的日常语言转换。这与日常语言转换会促进执行功能的观点背道而驰。结果表明，语言转换和通用 EF 之间的关联比当前模型假设的更复杂。