This Essay argues that trade agreements may overly constrain the ability of states to regulate supply chains for critical products such as medical supplies. Free trade agreements (FTAs) may exacerbate supply chain concentration, especially through loose rules of origin. And WTO rules constrain preventative regulation of supply chain risks designed to prevent a crisis, while providing exceptions for aggressive action only in the face of a crisis. Thus, WTO members risk flouting WTO rules if they do not limit aggressive, preventative supply chain regulation.

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COVID-19 后世界中的贸易法和供应链监管

本文认为，贸易协定可能会过度限制各国监管医疗用品等关键产品供应链的能力。自由贸易协定 (FTA) 可能会加剧供应链集中度，尤其是通过宽松的原产地规则。世贸组织规则限制了旨在预防危机的供应链风险的预防性监管，同时仅在面对危机时为积极行动提供例外。因此，如果世贸组织成员不限制积极的、预防性的供应链监管，世贸组织成员就有可能违反世贸组织规则。