Abstract: Richard Langlois supports the contribution of New Institutional Economics (NIE) to Economics, contrasting the following assertions: (i) Original Institutional Economics (OIE) wanted institutions but without theory; (ii) Neoclassical Economics (NE) wants an economic theory without institutions; and (iii) NIE wants both institutions and theory. This article uses the approach of Critical Realism with the aim of counteracting the suggestions of Langlois, who considers the advances of institutionalist schools by contrasting the theoretical (scientific) and anti-theoretical (naive empiricism) institutionalism. Instead of sustaining a criterion of scientificity founded on the assumption of a world composed of isolated and atomized events, Critical Realism treats the real unity of human activity and social structure as a condition of knowledge in the social domain. This implies the adoption of a structured ontology that deals with the opening of social systems, the existence of emerging phenomena, and the rejection of the notion of cause as a constant conjunction of events.

中文翻译：

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经济学中的批判现实主义和制度主义：旧辩论的新视角

摘要：Richard Langlois 支持新制度经济学（NIE）对经济学的贡献，对比以下主张：（i）原始制度经济学（OIE）想要制度但没有理论；(ii) 新古典经济学（NE）想要一种没有制度的经济理论；(iii) NIE 需要制度和理论。本文使用批判现实主义的方法来抵消朗格洛瓦的建议，他通过对比理论（科学）和反理论（朴素经验主义）制度主义来考虑制度主义学派的进步。与其坚持建立在世界由孤立和原子化事件组成的假设之上的科学性标准，批判现实主义将人类活动和社会结构的真正统一视为社会领域知识的条件。这意味着采用结构化本体论来处理社会系统的开放、新兴现象的存在以及拒绝将原因视为事件的不断结合的概念。