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Avoidance of gender-ambiguous pronouns as a consequence of ambiguity-avoidance strategy
Discourse Processes ( IF 2.437 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 , DOI: 10.1080/0163853x.2020.1844965
Heeju Hwang 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

It is well known that English speakers produce fewer pronouns when discourse contexts include more than one entity that matches the gender of the pronoun, i.e., gender effect. It is controversial, however, what causes the gender effect. Some suggest that it results from speakers’ avoidance of linguistic ambiguity, while others suggest that it results from the influence of non-linguistic conceptual similarity between discourse entities. To adjudicate between the two accounts, the present study investigates how Mandarin speakers choose referring expressions in written and spoken Mandarin. As written and spoken Mandarin differ in their referential ambiguity (the third-person singular pronoun is gender-ambiguous in spoken Mandarin but not in written Mandarin), it provides a good testing ground for evaluating the two accounts with the manipulation of gender similarity. We found that Mandarin speakers’ pronoun use was affected by pronoun ambiguity but not by conceptual similarity of discourse entities. In particular, in written Mandarin, where pronouns are gender-specific, Mandarin speakers produced fewer pronouns when there was more than one character that matched the gender of the pronoun. In spoken Mandarin where pronouns are gender-ambiguous, however, Mandarin speakers’ pronoun use was not influenced by gender of discourse characters. Our findings suggest that the gender effect is driven by an ambiguity-avoidance strategy rather than conceptual similarity between discourse characters.



中文翻译:

避免歧义策略导致避免性别歧义代词

摘要

众所周知,当话语语境包含不止一个与代词性别相匹配的实体(即性别效应)时,英语使用者会产生较少的代词。然而,引起性别效应的原因却是有争议的。一些人认为这是由于说话人避免了语言歧义,而其他人则认为这是由于话语实体之间非语言概念相似性的影响所致。为了对这两种说法进行裁定,本研究调查了讲普通话的人如何选择书面和口头普通话中的指称表达。由于书面和口头普通话在指称歧义上有所不同(第三人称单数代词在普通话中是性别歧义,但在书面普通话中没有性别歧义),它为通过性别相似性评估这两个账户提供了一个很好的测试平台。我们发现说普通话的人称代词的使用受代词歧义性的影响,但不受话语实体概念相似性的影响。尤其是在代词是性别特定的书面普通话中,当有多个与该代词性别相匹配的字符时,讲普通话的代词会更少。但是,在代词的性别不明确的普通话中,普通话使用者的代词使用不受话语字符性别的影响。我们的发现表明,性别影响是由避免歧义策略而非话语角色之间的概念相似性驱动的。我们发现说普通话的人称代词的使用受代词歧义性的影响,但不受话语实体概念相似性的影响。尤其是在代词是性别特定的书面普通话中,当有多个与该代词性别相匹配的字符时,讲普通话的代词会更少。但是,在代词的性别不明确的普通话中,普通话使用者的代词使用不受话语字符性别的影响。我们的发现表明,性别影响是由避免歧义策略而非话语角色之间的概念相似性驱动的。我们发现说普通话的人称代词的使用受代词歧义性的影响,但不受话语实体概念相似性的影响。尤其是在代词是性别特定的书面普通话中,当有多个与该代词性别相匹配的字符时,讲普通话的代词会更少。但是,在代词的性别不明确的普通话中,普通话使用者的代词使用不受话语字符性别的影响。我们的发现表明,性别影响是由避免歧义策略而非话语角色之间的概念相似性驱动的。但是,在代词的性别不明确的普通话中,普通话使用者的代词使用不受话语字符性别的影响。我们的发现表明,性别影响是由避免歧义策略而非话语角色之间的概念相似性驱动的。但是,在代词的性别不明确的普通话中,普通话使用者的代词使用不受话语字符性别的影响。我们的发现表明,性别影响是由避免歧义策略而非话语角色之间的概念相似性驱动的。

更新日期:2020-11-16
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