ABSTRACT

In this work, the position of the goals was modified to analyze the effects on the exploratory behavior and the team tactical pattern, which can be meaningful variables to study creativity in team sports. Twenty-four male soccer school players under the age of 12 participated in this study. Participants were divided into four teams of one goalkeeper and 5 players. Each team played six small-sided games of 5 min in three different goals positioning situations. The positioning-derived data of each player were collected using 10 Hz GPS units, were exported, and then computed using Matlab® dedicated routines. The positioning-derived variables were: team length and width, sector and corridor, centroid speed and its distance to the own goal, the centroid angle, and the speed of spread rate. They were analyzed by means of a PCA and the dynamic overlap order parameter. Results showed that changing the position of goals did not affect significantly the exploratory behavior. PCA analysis and Tucker’s Congruence Coefficient revealed that the task constraints could be characterized by a high mutual atypicality, and hence, originality. The use of the dynamic overlap, the PCA, hPCA, andTucker’s Congruence Coefficient to assess the degree of creativity in team sports were discussed. In conclusion, modifying the position of the goals can foster original behaviors of young athletes and increase the tactical repertoire of players.

抽象的

在这项工作中，目标的位置被修改以分析对探索行为和团队战术模式的影响，这对于研究团队运动的创造力可能是有意义的变量。24名12岁以下的男性足球学校球员参加了这项研究。参与者分为四支球队，每支球队包括一名守门员和五名球员。每个团队在三种不同的目标定位情况下进行了6次5分钟的小边比赛。使用10 Hz GPS单位收集每个玩家的定位数据，将其导出，然后使用Matlab®专用例程进行计算。位置派生的变量为：团队长度和宽度，扇形和走廊，质心速度及其与自己目标的距离，质心角和传播速度。通过PCA和动态重叠顺序参数对它们进行了分析。结果表明，改变目标位置不会显着影响探索行为。PCA分析和塔克的同余系数表明，任务约束的特征可能是相互之间的高度非典型性，因此具有独创性。讨论了使用动态重叠，PCA，hPCA和Tucker的Congruence系数来评估团队运动中创造力的程度。总之，修改目标的位置可以培养年轻运动员的原始行为，并提高运动员的战术能力。PCA分析和Tucker的Congruence系数表明，任务约束的特征可能是相互之间的高度非典型性，因此具有独创性。讨论了使用动态重叠，PCA，hPCA和Tucker的Congruence系数来评估团队运动中创造力的程度。总之，修改目标的位置可以培养年轻运动员的原始行为，并提高运动员的战术能力。PCA分析和Tucker的Congruence系数表明，任务约束的特征可能是相互之间的高度非典型性，因此具有独创性。讨论了使用动态重叠，PCA，hPCA和Tucker的Congruence系数来评估团队运动中创造力的程度。总之，修改目标的位置可以培养年轻运动员的原始行为，并提高运动员的战术能力。