Abstract

Background

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is recognized as a public health concern for its association with unfavorable outcomes, including suicidal behavior. The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with NSSI among patients with nonpsychotic mental disorders (NPMD) and suicidal ideation in Russia.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry between November 2017 and May 2019. The sample was composed of consecutive patients with lifetime suicidal ideation (from the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behavior Interview) seen in the center’s psychiatric ward for NPMD. The patients were divided into two groups: those with and without lifetime NSSI. Sociodemographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis, family history of mental disorders, history of physical or sexual abuse, sexual behavior, ad-hoc psychiatric treatments, suicidal ideation, plans, and gestures or attempts were investigated.

Results

Six thousand, two hundred and four consecutive patients were screened for suicidal ideation. Out of a total of 361 patients (87.3% females) with suicidal ideation, 217 (60.1%) reported NSSI. Variables independently associated with NSSI included age <25 years (OR 6.0, CI 2.5–14.7), dissatisfaction with the perceived parenting style (OR 3.3, CI 1.5–7.4), bullying (OR 2.6, CI 1.0–6.5), severe body modifications (OR 11.9, CI 1.1–134.3), experience with illicit drugs (OR 4.4, CI 1.9–10.3), and eating disorders (OR 4.9, CI 2.0–11.8).

Limitations

Retrospective design, referral population, single center study, and exclusion of psychotic patients.

Conclusions

NSSI is associated with age <25 years old, dissatisfaction with perceived parenting style, bullying, severe body modifications, lifetime experience of illicit drug-use, and lifetime eating disorders.

• HIGHLIGHTS

• Nonsuicidal self-injury is a significant public health concern for its association with suicidal behavior.

• 60.1% of Russian patients with non-psychotic mental disorders (NPMD) and suicidal ideation reported lifetime NSSI.

• NSSI in Russian patients with NPMD and suicidal ideation is associated with age less than 25 years, dissatisfaction with perceived parenting style, bullying, severe body modifications, lifetime experience of illicit drug use, and lifetime eating disorders.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯有自杀意念患者的非自杀性自伤

摘要

背景

非自杀性自伤 (NSSI) 因其与包括自杀行为在内的不利结果相关而被认为是一个公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是确定俄罗斯非精神病性精神障碍 (NPMD) 和自杀意念患者中与 NSSI 相关的因素。

方法

2017 年 11 月至 2019 年 5 月期间，在莫斯科神经精神病学研究和临床中心进行了一项回顾性队列研究。样本由在该中心精神病病房看到的具有终生自杀念头（来自自伤思想和行为访谈）的连续患者组成对于 NPMD。将患者分为两组：有和没有终生 NSSI 的患者。调查了社会人口统计学变量、精神病学诊断、精神障碍家族史、身体或性虐待史、性行为、临时精神病治疗、自杀意念、计划以及姿势或企图。

结果

连续筛查了六千二百零四名患者的自杀意念。在总共 361 名有自杀意念的患者（87.3% 女性）中，217 名（60.1%）报告了 NSSI。与 NSSI 独立相关的变量包括年龄 <25 岁（OR 6.0，CI 2.5-14.7），对感知的养育方式的不满（OR 3.3，CI 1.5-7.4），欺凌（OR 2.6，CI 1.0-6.5），严重的身体改造（OR 11.9，CI 1.1-134.3），使用非法药物的经验（OR 4.4，CI 1.9-10.3）和饮食失调（OR 4.9，CI 2.0-11.8）。

限制

回顾性设计、转诊人群、单中心研究和精神病患者的排除。

结论

NSSI 与年龄<25 岁、对养育方式的不满、欺凌、严重的身体改造、非法药物使用的终生经历和终生饮食失调有关。

• 强调

• 非自杀性自伤因其与自杀行为有关，是一个重要的公共卫生问题。

• 60.1% 的俄罗斯患有非精神病性精神障碍 (NPMD) 和自杀意念的患者报告了终生 NSSI。

• 俄罗斯患有 NPMD 和自杀意念的患者的 NSSI 与年龄小于 25 岁、对养育方式的不满、欺凌、严重的身体改造、非法药物使用的终生经历和终生饮食失调有关。