Sensory-specific satiation is the transient loss of reward value of a recently eaten food versus recently uneaten foods. In this study, participants (n = 70 young women and men with healthy body weight) were randomised to eat a fixed portion of either cream cheese bagel or chocolate chip brioche for breakfast. They were also randomised to one of four ‘mindset’ manipulations (attention, distraction, pause between bites, and control). Before and after their meal, participants tasted and evaluated the two foods for desire to eat (a measure of the momentary reward value of the food) and liking (the momentary pleasantness of the of taste of the food). Consistent with sensory-specific satiation, desire to eat and liking decreased more for the eaten food than for the uneaten food. Furthermore, there was a sensory-specific effect on food wanting (calculated as desire to eat minus liking). Analyses ruled out floor effects on liking which could have biased results in favour of finding a sensory-specific effect on wanting. To our knowledge this is the first study to demonstrate clearly that sensory-specific satiation comprises a sensory-specific decrease in wanting as well as liking. Further results showed that rated hunger predicted wanting but not liking, and that meal enjoyment (experienced food reward) and post-prandial fullness independently predicted meal satisfaction. A notable effect of mindset was that distraction compared with control almost completely abolished sensory-specific satiation, indicating the involvement of explicit memory processes in this phenomenon.

感官特异的饱食感是最近吃过的食物相对于最近未吃过的食物的奖励价值的短暂损失。在这项研究中，参与者（n = 70名体重健康的年轻男女）被随机分配吃固定份的奶油干酪面包圈或巧克力片奶油蛋卷作为早餐。他们还被随机分配为四种“思维定式”操作之一（注意力，注意力分散，叮咬之间的停顿和控制）。进餐前后，参与者品尝并评估了两种食物的食用欲望（衡量食物的瞬时奖励价值）和喜好（食物味道的瞬时愉悦性）。与感官特有的饱食感相一致，食用食物的喜好和喜好比未食用食物的喜好降低更多。此外，对需要的食物有特定的感官影响（计算为渴望吃的食物减去喜欢的食物）。分析排除了对喜好的地板效应，该效应可能会偏向于结果，而有利于找到对匮乏的感觉特异性效应。据我们所知，这是第一项清楚表明感觉特异性饱足感包括缺乏感和喜好的感觉特异性降低的研究。进一步的结果表明，额定饥饿感预测了饥饿感，而不是喜好，而进餐（获得食物奖励）和餐后饱腹感独立地预测了进餐满意度。心态的一个显着影响是，与对照相比，分心几乎完全消除了感觉特异的满足感，表明这种现象涉及显式的记忆过程。分析排除了对喜好的地板效应，该效应可能会偏向于结果，而有利于找到对匮乏的感觉特异性效应。据我们所知，这是第一项清楚表明感觉特异性饱足感包括缺乏感和喜好的感觉特异性降低的研究。进一步的结果表明，额定饥饿感预测了饥饿感，而不是喜好，而进餐（获得食物奖励）和餐后饱腹感独立地预测了进餐满意度。心态的一个显着影响是，与对照相比，分心几乎完全消除了感觉特异的满足感，表明这种现象涉及显式的记忆过程。分析排除了对喜好的地板效应，该效应可能会偏向于结果，而有利于找到对匮乏的感觉特异性效应。据我们所知，这是第一个清楚表明感觉特异性饱足感包括缺乏感和喜好的感觉特异性降低的研究。进一步的结果表明，额定饥饿感预测了饥饿感，而不是喜好，而进餐（获得食物奖励）和餐后饱腹感独立地预测了进餐满意度。心态的一个显着影响是，与对照相比，分心几乎完全消除了感觉特异的满足感，表明这种现象涉及显式的记忆过程。据我们所知，这是第一项清楚表明感觉特异性饱足感包括缺乏感和喜好的感觉特异性降低的研究。进一步的结果表明，额定饥饿感预测了饥饿感，而不是喜好，而进餐（获得食物奖励）和餐后饱腹感独立地预测了进餐满意度。心态的一个显着影响是，与对照相比，分心几乎完全消除了感觉特异的满足感，表明这种现象涉及显式的记忆过程。据我们所知，这是第一个清楚表明感觉特异性饱足感包括缺乏感和喜好的感觉特异性降低的研究。进一步的结果表明，额定饥饿感预测了饥饿感，而不是喜好，而进餐（获得食物奖励）和餐后饱腹感独立地预测了进餐满意度。心态的显着影响是，与对照相比，分心几乎完全消除了感觉特异的满足感，表明这种现象涉及显式的记忆过程。