Abstract

This paper clarifies what Walras learned from Smith by examining his quotations of Smith and his handwritten notes in the Wealth of Nations belonging to the Walras Library. Although Walras’s general equilibrium theory has often been compared to Smith’s “invisible hand,” Walras himself had no intention of developing it in his pure economics. In his applied economics, Walras was influenced by Smith’s analysis of the division of labour in terms of efficiency. However, Walras did not share the explanation of its origin in his social economics, which suggests the reason why Walras never quoted Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments.

摘要

本文通过检查他在属于 Walras 图书馆的Wealth of Nations 中对 Smith 的引用和他的手写笔记，阐明了 Walras 从 Smith 那里学到了什么。尽管瓦尔拉斯的一般均衡理论经常被比作史密斯的“看不见的手”，但瓦尔拉斯本人并不打算在他的纯经济学中发展它。在他的应用经济学中，瓦尔拉斯受到了史密斯对效率方面的劳动分工分析的影响。然而，瓦尔拉斯并没有在他的社会经济学中分享其起源的解释，这表明瓦尔拉斯从未引用史密斯的道德情操理论的原因。