The author draws on previous work in looking at refugee literature and focuses on two different, yet arguably complimentary, examples of marginalized narratives in graphic novels that inservice teachers can use in instruction. The Nameless City by Faith Erin Hicks offers a fictional story yet delves into complex issues and themes. Illegal by Eoin Colfer and Andrew Donkin, and illustrated by Giovanni Rigano, takes a more realistic approach to the topic. Both graphic novels are effective and can lead to classroom applications. The author offers a description of the works and discussion about instructional steps for their use with students.

中文翻译：

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与学生探讨难民体验的视觉叙事

作者借鉴了以前在研究难民文学方面的工作，并着重研究了两种不同的，但可以说是互补的，在小说中被边缘化叙述的例子，在职教师可以在教学中使用它们。费思·艾琳·希克斯（Faith Erin Hicks）的《无名之城》提供了一个虚构的故事，但深入探讨了复杂的问题和主题。Eoin Colfer和Andrew Donkin认为是非法的，而Giovanni Rigano对此进行了说明，他对该主题采取了更为现实的方法。两种图画小说都是有效的，并且可以导致课堂应用。作者提供了作品的描述，并讨论了与学生一起使用的教学步骤。