Historical relationships between socio‐economic status and mortality remain poorly understood. This is particularly the case in England, due to a lack of status indicators in available sources especially before c. 1850. This study uses the paternal occupational descriptors routinely recorded in Anglican baptism registers from 1813–37 to compare infant and early childhood mortality by social status. The sample consists of eight of the Cambridge Group family reconstitution parishes, which make it possible to investigate the contributions of environment as well as household characteristics. The main variable of interest was an individual‐level continuous measure of wealth based on ranking paternal occupations by the propensity for their movable wealth to be inventoried upon death. The findings show that wealth conferred no clear survival advantage in infancy, once differences in average mortality levels between parishes were adjusted for. However, wealth was associated with higher survival rates in early childhood, especially in the second year of life, and this pattern persisted after adjustment for parish‐level effects. The striking exception to this pattern was labourers, who were among the poorest of fathers but whose children enjoyed relatively low mortality. Thus socio‐economic differentials in mortality were present in early nineteenth‐century England; however, they were small, age‐specific, and non‐linear.

中文翻译：

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19世纪初英格兰按社会经济状况划分的婴儿和儿童死亡率†

社会经济地位和死亡率之间的历史关系仍然知之甚少。这一点尤其在英国的情况下，由于缺乏特别是前可用资源状态指标Ç。1850年。这项研究使用1813年至37年英国国教洗礼记录中常规记录的父亲职业描述词，比较了社会地位对婴儿和幼儿的死亡率。该样本由Cambridge Group家庭重组教区中的八个组成，这使得调查环境和家庭特征的贡献成为可能。利益的主要变量是根据父亲职业的排名对个人进行连续的财富测量，根据父亲的职业在死亡时进行盘存的倾向进行排序。研究结果表明，一旦对教区之间的平均死亡率水平进行了调整，财富就不会给婴儿带来明显的生存优势。但是，财富与儿童早期尤其是生命的第二年较高的存活率相关，在针对教区一级的影响进行调整之后，这种模式仍然存在。这种模式的显着例外是劳动者，他们是最贫穷的父亲之一，但其子女的死亡率相对较低。因此，在19世纪初期，英国出现了死亡率的社会经济差异。但是，它们很小，因年龄而异并且是非线性的。