The study explored in detail how Swedish gay fathers (through surrogacy) talked about the surrogate mother and the egg donor. Thirteen semi-structured interviews with 22 gay fathers were conducted and analysed using critical discursive analysis. The surrogates were primarily constructed as a close family member, but occasionally in terms of their instrumental function. They were often described as active and independent, but occasionally as vulnerable or exploited. The egg donors were in some interviews constructed as close family members, while others talked about them as distant acquaintances. Further, donors were constructed either as a significant individual (for the fathers), or as an instrumental provider of the oocyte. While some participants constructed the surrogate and/or donor as their child’s mother(s), others were more reluctant or ambivalent about the mother construct. In conclusion, the participants engaged in rhetorical work that shed a positive light on surrogacy, and their own decisions were depicted as solid, ethical and genuine. The participants’ positive framing can be understood as the production of a counter discourse, in relation to an ongoing debate in Sweden, in which surrogacy is constructed as exploitation, dehumanization and prostitution.

中文翻译：

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代孕者、卵子捐赠者和母亲的构建：瑞典同性恋父亲的叙述

该研究详细探讨了瑞典同性恋父亲（通过代孕）如何谈论代孕母亲和卵子捐赠者。对 22 位同性恋父亲进行了 13 次半结构化访谈，并使用批判性话语分析进行了分析。代理人主要是作为亲密的家庭成员构建的，但偶尔也有其工具功能。他们经常被描述为活跃和独立，但偶尔也被描述为脆弱或被剥削。卵子捐赠者在一些采访中被描述为亲密的家庭成员，而其他人则将他们称为远方的熟人。此外，捐献者要么被构建为重要的个体（对于父亲而言），要么被构建为卵母细胞的工具提供者。虽然一些参与者将代孕者和/或捐赠者构建为他们孩子的母亲，其他人对母结构更不情愿或矛盾。总之，参与者从事的修辞工作对代孕产生了积极的影响，他们自己的决定被描述为可靠、合乎道德和真实的。参与者的积极框架可以被理解为与瑞典正在进行的辩论相关的反话语的产生，其中代孕被构造为剥削、非人化和卖淫。