There is a long tradition of linguistic research on political discourse, but little attention has been paid to what the concept of political discourse itself encompasses. With this in mind, this article aims to understand what types of discourse are categorized as ‘political’ in linguistic research and what their characteristics are (form, type of actors, policy domains, geographical coverage). To this end, we conducted a systematic literature review of 164 scientific articles from the Scopus database. Overall, the findings show that political discourse is generally limited to the discourses of (institutionalized) political elites and most specifically to oral monological speeches. The review also highlights discrepancies regarding the geographical scope and the policy domains covered by the empirical analyses, more specifically a bias toward the Western world and issues related to external defense policies, justice and home affairs.

中文翻译：

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政治话语研究二十年：系统回顾与未来研究方向

关于政治话语的语言研究有着悠久的传统，但很少有人关注政治话语的概念本身所包含的内容。考虑到这一点，本文旨在了解语言研究中哪些类型的话语被归类为“政治”，以及它们的特征是什么（形式、参与者类型、政策领域、地理覆盖范围）。为此，我们对 Scopus 数据库中的 164 篇科学文章进行了系统的文献综述。总体而言，研究结果表明，政治话语通常仅限于（制度化的）政治精英的话语，尤其是口头独白演讲。审查还强调了实证分析所涵盖的地理范围和政策领域方面的差异，