The next-generation wireless communications require reduced energy consumption, increased data rates and better signal coverage. The millimetre-wave frequency spectrum above 30 GHz can help fulfil the performance requirements of the next-generation mobile broadband systems. Multiple-input multiple-output technology can provide performance gains to help mitigate the increased path loss experienced at millimetre-wave frequencies compared with microwave bands. Emerging hybrid beamforming architectures can reduce the energy consumption and hardware complexity with the use of fewer radio-frequency (RF) chains. Energy efficiency is identified as a key fifth-generation metric and will have a major impact on the hybrid beamforming system design. In terms of transceiver power consumption, deactivating parts of the beamformer structure to reduce power typically leads to significant loss of spectral efficiency. Our aim is to achieve the highest energy efficiency for the millimetre-wave communications system while mitigating the resulting loss in spectral efficiency. To achieve this, we propose an optimal selection framework which activates specific RF chains that amplify the digitally beamformed signals with the analogue beamforming network. Practical precoding is considered by including the effects of user interference, noise and hardware impairments in the system modelling.

中文翻译：

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硬件缺陷下混合波束成形中能量和频谱效率最大化的射频链选择

下一代无线通信需要降低能耗、提高数据速率和更好的信号覆盖范围。30GHz以上的毫米波频谱有助于满足下一代移动宽带系统的性能要求。与微波频段相比，多输入多输出技术可以提供性能增益，以帮助减轻毫米波频率下增加的路径损耗。新兴的混合波束成形架构可以通过使用更少的射频 (RF) 链来降低能耗和硬件复杂性。能源效率被确定为关键的第五代指标，并将对混合波束成形系统设计产生重大影响。在收发器功耗方面，停用波束形成器结构的部分以降低功率通常会导致频谱效率的显着损失。我们的目标是实现毫米波通信系统的最高能效，同时减轻由此产生的频谱效率损失。为了实现这一点，我们提出了一个最佳选择框架，它激活特定的射频链，用模拟波束形成网络放大数字波束形成的信号。通过在系统建模中包括用户干扰、噪声和硬件损伤的影响来考虑实际预编码。我们提出了一个最佳选择框架，它激活特定的 RF 链，这些 RF 链通过模拟波束成形网络放大数字波束成形信号。通过在系统建模中包括用户干扰、噪声和硬件损伤的影响来考虑实际预编码。我们提出了一个最佳选择框架，它激活特定的 RF 链，这些 RF 链通过模拟波束成形网络放大数字波束成形信号。通过在系统建模中包括用户干扰、噪声和硬件损伤的影响来考虑实际预编码。