Glaciers located in western High Mountain Asia (HMA) have shown mass gain or limited mass losses compared to other mountain regions since ~2000. Increases in accumulation may be responsible. Although no contemporary measurements exist to explore this hypothesis, extensive historic measurements including firn density, stratigraphy and accumulation rates at ~4400 m a.s.l. on Abramov Glacier, Pamir Alay, provide valuable indications of accumulation changes. Abramov Glacier is located at the northern margin of western HMA. In this study, we assess unique historical firn data of Abramov Glacier from the 1970s to evaluate past firn conditions in this data sparse region. The current firn state is investigated based on a series of in situ measurements including firn cores and ground-penetrating radar measurements performed in 2018. We compare the legacy data with contemporary firn characteristics. Our results indicate a high year-to-year variability, but generally increasing net accumulation during the last 60 years on Abramov Glacier, with 0.84 ± 0.22 m w.e. for 2011–18 compared to 0.68 ± 0.32 m w.e. for 1965–72 and 0.59 ± 0.22 m w.e. for 1970–97. These results from in situ data provide ground truth for the data-sparse western HMA.

中文翻译：

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帕米尔阿莱阿布拉莫夫冰川历史和近期积累率的比较

自 2000 年以来，与其他山区相比，位于亚洲高山西部 (HMA) 的冰川显示出质量增加或质量损失有限。积累的增加可能是原因。尽管没有当代测量值来探索这一假设，但广泛的历史测量值，包括在帕米尔阿莱阿布拉莫夫冰川约 4400 米 asl 处的冰片密度、地层学和堆积率，为堆积变化提供了有价值的指示。阿布拉莫夫冰川位于 HMA 西部的北缘。在这项研究中，我们评估了 1970 年代阿布拉莫夫冰川独特的历史冰川数据，以评估该数据稀疏地区过去的冰川状况。当前的岩层状态是基于一系列原位测量来研究的，包括 2018 年进行的岩层核心和探地雷达测量。我们将遗留数据与当代鸟类特征进行比较。我们的结果表明，在过去 60 年中，阿布拉莫夫冰川的净积累量普遍增加，2011-18 年为 0.84 ± 0.22 m，而 1965-72 年为 0.68 ± 0.32 m，而 0.59 ± 1970-97 年我们为 0.22 m。这些来自原位数据的结果为数据稀疏的西方 HMA 提供了基本事实。