ABSTRACT

Vitamin D is known as an important modulator of numerous immune functions. We aimed to investigate the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with several humoral mediators of the immune system in the patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). Serum levels of 25(OH)D, cytokines (interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)–4, IL-6, IL–10, IL-17A, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)–α, and transforming growth factor (TGF)–β, immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes (IgG, IgM, and IgA), complement proteins (C3 and C4) with hemolytic activities (CH50 and AP50), and nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated in 65 patients, compared to 45 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. An insignificant decrease in 25(OH)D levels was observed in patients, compared to controls. In the patient group, elevated levels of IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-10 had a significant association with the serum levels of 25(OH)D, while the levels of TGF-β, IL-6, and TNF-α showed an insignificant association. The levels of IgG, C3, and NO also displayed such a statistically significant association with serum 25(OH)D levels. The AP50 levels which had significant difference were found to be not associated with serum 25(OH)D levels. Vitamin D might mediate a link between the innate and adaptive immune responses via the induction of Th1/Th17 polarization of cytokine responses and isotype regulation of antibody production, along with the maintenance of the capacity of the alternative complement pathway, in response to a UPEC infection. However, further studies are needed to validate the defined nature of the host immune response.

摘要

维生素 D 被认为是多种免疫功能的重要调节剂。我们旨在研究 25-羟基维生素 D [25(OH)D] 与尿路致病性大肠杆菌引起的尿路感染 (UTI) 患者免疫系统的几种体液介质的关系（统一经合组织）。血清 25(OH)D、细胞因子（干扰素 (IFN)-γ、白细胞介素 (IL)-4、IL-6、IL-10、IL-17A、肿瘤坏死因子 (TNF)-α 和转化生长因子）水平(TGF)–β、免疫球蛋白 (Ig) 同种型（IgG、IgM 和 IgA）、具有溶血活性的补体蛋白（C3 和 C4）（CH50 和 AP50）和一氧化氮（NO）在 65 名患者中进行了评估，与45 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照。与对照组相比，患者的 25(OH)D 水平没有显着降低。在患者组中，IFN-γ、IL-17A 和 IL-10 水平升高与血清 25(OH)D 水平显着相关，而 TGF-β、IL-6 和 TNF-α 的水平显示出不显着的相关性。IgG、C3 和 NO 的水平也显示出这种统计学意义与血清 25(OH)D 水平相关。发现有显着差异的AP50水平与血清​​25(OH)D水平无关。维生素 D 可能通过诱导细胞因子反应的 Th1/Th17 极化和抗体产生的同种型调节以及维持替代补体途径的能力来介导先天免疫反应和适应性免疫反应之间的联系，以响应 UPEC 感染. 然而，需要进一步的研究来验证宿主免疫反应的定义性质。应对 UPEC 感染。然而，需要进一步的研究来验证宿主免疫反应的定义性质。应对 UPEC 感染。然而，需要进一步的研究来验证宿主免疫反应的定义性质。