Objectives

To evaluate alfaxalone–midazolam anesthesia in Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) and the effect of flumazenil administration on recovery time and quality.

Study design

Randomized, blinded, crossover and controlled, experimental trial.

Animals

A total of 10 male Egyptian fruit bats.

Methods

Bats were anesthetized with alfaxalone (15 mg kg⁻¹) and midazolam (2 mg kg⁻¹) administered subcutaneously. During anesthesia, vital signs, muscle tone and reflexes were monitored every 10 minutes. Flumazenil (0.3 mg kg⁻¹) or saline at an equal volume was administered subcutaneously 60 minutes after anesthetic administration. Time to induction, time to first movement and recovery time (flying) were measured. Quality of induction, anesthesia and recovery were assessed on a 1–3 scale (1, poor; 2, good; 3, excellent).

Results

Time to induction was 4.2 ± 1.9 minutes (mean ± standard deviation), with median quality score of 2 (range, 1–3). Anesthesia quality score was 3 (1–3). During anesthesia, heart rate and respiratory frequency decreased significantly and penis relaxation, indicating muscle tone, increased significantly. Administration of flumazenil significantly reduced mean recovery time compared with saline (10 ± 5 versus 45 ± 17 minutes, respectively), and significantly improved the quality of recovery [2.5 (2–3) versus 1 (1–2), respectively].

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Alfaxalone–midazolam anesthesia resulted in good induction, muscle relaxation and sufficient anesthesia to perform routine diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for approximately 40 minutes. Reversal of midazolam with flumazenil is recommended, resulting in quicker and better recovery.

中文翻译：

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在埃及果蝠 (Rousettus aegyptiacus) 中评估阿法沙龙和咪达唑仑（有或没有氟马西尼逆转）

目标

评估埃及果蝠 ( Rousettus aegyptiacus ) 的阿法沙酮-咪达唑仑麻醉以及氟马西尼对恢复时间和质量的影响。

学习规划

随机、盲法、交叉和对照实验试验。

动物

共有10只雄性埃及果蝠。

方法

蝙蝠用皮下给药的阿法沙龙（15 mg kg ^-1）和咪达唑仑（2 mg kg ^-1）麻醉。在麻醉期间，每 10 分钟监测一次生命体征、肌张力和反射。在麻醉给药后60分钟皮下给药氟马西尼(0.3mg kg ^{-1 )或等体积的盐水。}测量诱导时间、首次运动时间和恢复时间（飞行）。诱导、麻醉和恢复的质量以 1-3 等级进行评估（1，差；2，好；3，优秀）。

结果

诱导时间为 4.2 ± 1.9 分钟（平均值 ± 标准差），质量评分中位数为 2（范围，1-3）。麻醉质量评分为 3 (1-3)。麻醉期间，心率和呼吸频率显着下降，阴茎松弛（表明肌肉张力）显着增加。与生理盐水相比，施用氟马西尼显着缩短了平均恢复时间（分别为 10 ± 5对45 ± 17 分钟），并显着提高了恢复质量 [分别为 2.5 (2-3)对1 (1-2)]。

结论和临床相关性

阿法沙龙-咪达唑仑麻醉导致良好的诱导、肌肉松弛和足够的麻醉，可以进行大约 40 分钟的常规诊断和治疗程序。建议用氟马西尼逆转咪达唑仑，从而更快更好地恢复。