Electromagnetic tomography (EMT) is a non-invasive technique to gain the induced voltages and to reconstruct the distribution of electromagnetic properties. A volume imaging using a single layer sensor array, namely, Single Layer 3D-EMT, has been developed in this paper. To solve the forward problem, three kinds of sensor arrays are established with different number of coils,—8, 12 and 16, to conduct simulations. Four typical conductivity distributions are used to verify the 3D-EMT imaging with single layer sensor array. The calculation of sensitivity maps in 3D views is presented, and the sensitivity maps of different layers, from z = 0 to z = 20, are analyzed. The conjugate gradient iterative method has been adopted in image reconstruction. It can be seen from the simulation results that the 3D reconstructed images using a single layer sensor array can display the distribution of the measured objects in position, shape, and size. By calculating the relative error, the quality of the reconstructed images is evaluated andthe result shows that the 12-coil sensor array has the best image quality among three sensor arrays. In addition, the single layer 3D experimental system has been established to evaluate the effectiveness of 3D imaging using a single layer sensor array. In order to save the hardware resources, the paper presents the author's research work about the possibility of Single Layer 3D-EMT imaging in simulations and experiments. This can also provide a guide to explore the potential application with electromagnetic testing technique.

电磁层析成像（EMT）是一种非侵入性技术，可获取感应电压并重建电磁特性的分布。本文开发了使用单层传感器阵列（即单层3D-EMT）的体积成像。为了解决前向问题，建立了具有不同数量线圈的三种传感器阵列，分别为8、12和16，以进行仿真。四种典型的电导率分布用于验证单层传感器阵列的3D-EMT成像。给出了3D视图中灵敏度图的计算，并分析了从z = 0到z = 20的不同层的灵敏度图。在图像重建中已经采用了共轭梯度迭代方法。从仿真结果可以看出，使用单层传感器阵列的3D重建图像可以显示被测对象在位置，形状和大小上的分布。通过计算相对误差，评估了重建图像的质量，结果表明12线圈传感器阵列在三个传感器阵列中图像质量最好。此外，已经建立了单层3D实验系统，以评估使用单层传感器阵列进行3D成像的有效性。为了节省硬件资源，本文介绍了作者在模拟和实验中对单层3D-EMT成像的可能性的研究工作。这也可以为探索电磁测试技术的潜在应用提供指导。