The fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster is a valuable model to unravel mechanisms of innate immunity, in particular in the context of viral infections. RNA interference, and more specifically the small interfering RNA pathway, is a major component of antiviral immunity in drosophila. In addition, the contribution of inducible transcriptional responses to the control of viruses in drosophila and other invertebrates is increasingly recognized. In particular, the recent discovery of a STING-IKKβ-Relish signalling cassette in drosophila has confirmed that NF-κB transcription factors play an important role in the control of viral infections, in addition to bacterial and fungal infections. Here, we review recent developments in the field, which begin to shed light on the mechanisms involved in sensing of viral infections and in signalling leading to production of antiviral effectors.

果蝇黑腹果蝇是解开先天免疫机制的一个有价值的模型，特别是在病毒感染的情况下。RNA 干扰，更具体地说是小干扰 RNA 途径，是果蝇抗病毒免疫的主要组成部分。此外，诱导型转录反应对控制果蝇和其他无脊椎动物中的病毒的贡献日益得到认可。特别是，最近在果蝇中发现了一个 STING-IKKβ-Relish 信号盒，证实了 NF-κB 转录因子在控制病毒感染中起重要作用，除了细菌和真菌感染。在这里，我们回顾了该领域的最新进展，这些进展开始阐明与感知病毒感染和导致产生抗病毒效应物的信号传导有关的机制。