Abstract

In present study we present some results on the measurement of the ground speed of an aircraft using noise parameters measured on the ground level, including sound levels, sound pressure levels, and Doppler frequency translations of the spectral components of equal-sound pressure levels. It is shown that attempts to determine aircraft speed from the maximum values of the sound level or sound pressure level measured at different points leads to a relatively large error (more than 200%). On the other hand, the error in determining aircraft speed from measurements of the Doppler frequency translation of spectral components of equal-sound pressure levels at one point on the ground is less than 10%. In order to reduce the error in determining the speed of an aircraft, it is necessary to consider the interference from direct and reflected sound waves from the earth’s surface, as well as changes in the sound propagation speed of an aircraft and it’s dependence on the aircraft altitude. When measurements are performed at three points this method correctly determines the ground speed and spatial position of an aircraft. Our approach fills in the gaps in the initial data, which is necessary, in particular, for calculating sanitary protection zones of airfields accommodating for aircrafts with unknown noise characteristics.

中文翻译：

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一种根据地面声学测量确定飞机速度的方法

摘要

在当前的研究中，我们使用在地面上测量的噪声参数（包括声级，声压级和等声压级的频谱分量的多普勒频率转换）给出了飞机地面速度测量的一些结果。结果表明，尝试根据在不同点测得的声级或声压级的最大值确定飞机速度会导致较大的误差（大于200％）。另一方面，根据在地面上一个点的等声压力水平的频谱分量的多普勒频率平移的测量值确定飞机速度时的误差小于10％。为了减少确定飞机速度时的误差，有必要考虑来自地面的直接和反射声波的干扰，以及飞机声传播速度的变化及其对飞机高度的依赖性。在三个点进行测量时，此方法可以正确确定飞机的地面速度和空间位置。我们的方法填补了初始数据中的空白，这对于计算适用于噪声特性未知飞机的飞机场的卫生保护区尤其必要。