Ship–seabed interaction is highly critical to ship safety and ship performance when ship operates over shallow water with uneven seabed. However, the prediction method for ship reaction is still yet to be fully developed. In this paper, a high-fidelity transient numerical simulation method with sliding mesh is developed based on computational fluid dynamics to model a vessel passing a step bank, demonstrating to be a computational cost economical solution. The comprehensive numerical model is validated and verified against benchmarked experimental and numerical studies, which is proved to be highly accurate in predicting force characteristics and wave development. Meanwhile, during the research the impulse effect generated by the step bank was found to have striking effects on the wave elevation, wake development and vessel sinkage. Five regions on the behaviour of vessel sinkage are defined in the present work. According to the result, the vessel will encounter the extreme sinkage after a relatively long distance (12 \({L}_{\mathrm{pp}}\) at \({F}_{h2}=0.519\)) passing the step bank instead of immediately.

当船舶在海床不平的浅水区航行时，海床相互作用对船舶安全和性能至关重要。但是，舰船反应的预测方法仍有待完善。本文基于计算流体动力学，开发了一种具有滑移网格的高保真瞬态数值模拟方法，对经过台阶库的船舶进行了建模，证明了该方法是一种计算成本经济的解决方案。该综合数值模型经过基准测试和数值研究的验证和验证，被证明在预测力特性和波浪发展方面非常准确。同时，在研究过程中，发现由台阶银行产生的脉冲效应对波高，尾流发展和船只沉没具有显着影响。在目前的工作中定义了五个区域的船只沉没行为。根据结果​​，在相对较长的距离（12\（{L} _ {\ mathrm {pp}} \）处于\（{F} _ {h2} = 0.519 \））而不是立即通过步库。