Abstract

The results of monitoring the biota of agaricoid basidiomycetes in spruce forests (riverbank spruce and wood sorrel spruce forest) in the subzone of the southern taiga of Perm krai for 40 years are summed up. To date, 336 species and intraspecific taxa of agaricoid basidiomycetes belonging to 73 genera and 16 families have been found in spruce forests. The species of the families Tricholomataceae, Cortinariaceae, and Russulaceae predominate, which is typical for the boreal zone of Eurasia. The largest number of species is found in the genera Cortinarius (43 species), Mycena (39), Russula (25), and Lactarius (13), which is typical of the southern taiga subzone. It is noted that the species composition of agaricoid basidiomycetes changes with time to a greater extent (Jacquard’s coefficients (J × 100): riverbank spruce forest: J = 44–50; sorrel spruce forest: J = 43–47) than the species composition of higher vascular plants (J = 69–88). Many common features are revealed between the species composition of fungi of spruce forests (J = 49). Over the entire period of observations in spruce forests, 16 species dominating in the number of basidiomas and 19–21 species dominating in the biomass of basidiomas have been identified. As a result of the analysis of the ecological–trophic structure of the studied biogeocenoses, mycorrhiza-forming agents predominate (37.4–43.5%). The relationship between the diversity and productivity of agaricoid fungi with the main climatic indicators (May–September) is studied. It is found that an increase in the average monthly air temperature in August leads to a decrease in the number of xylotroph basidiomas in the sorrel spruce forest (r_s = –0.7) and the basidiom litter saprotrophs biomass in the riverbank spruce forest (r_s = –0.7). Heavy rainfall in August contributes to a reduction in the number of basidiomas of litter saprotrophs in the riverbank fir forest (r_s = –0.7).

中文翻译：

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监测彼尔姆边疆南部针叶林分地区云杉林中的伞菌类拟杆菌菌群的结构和生产力

摘要

总结了在彼尔姆·克拉伊南部针叶林分地区的云杉林（河岸云杉和栗色云杉林）中的伞菌类菌群生物监测了40年的结果。迄今为止，在云杉林中发现了属于73属和16科的336种琼脂类担子菌种和种内类群。Tricholomataceae科，Cortinariaceae科和Russulaceae科的种类占主导地位，这是欧亚大陆北方地区的典型特征。在Cortinarius（43种），Mycena（39），Russula（25）和Lactarius属中发现最多的物种（13），这是典型的南部针叶林分区域。值得注意的是，与物种组成相比，琼脂类担子菌的物种组成随时间变化更大（提花系数（J  ×100）：河岸云杉林：J  = 44–50；浆云杉林：J  = 43–47）。高维管植物的数量（J  = 69-88）。云杉林真菌的物种组成之间有许多共同特征（J = 49）。在整个云杉林的观测期间，已经确定了16个以基底孢菌为主的物种和19-21个以基底孢菌生物量为主的物种。对所研究的生物大肠菌的生态营养结构进行分析的结果是，菌根形成剂占主导地位（37.4–43.5％）。研究了主要气候指标（5-9月）与琼脂类真菌的多样性和生产力之间的关系。结果发现，8月平均每月气温的升高导致_s浆云杉林中的枯萎芽胞杆菌数量减少（r _s  = –0.7），而河岸云杉林中枯草腐烂腐生生物的生物量减少（r _s = –0.7）。8月的强降雨有助于减少河岸冷杉林中凋落腐烂腐烂芽胞杆菌属的数量（r _s  = –0.7）。