To elucidate cultural contrasts in children's family environments, we conducted in‐depth, direct comparisons of mind‐mindedness and self–other distinction from maternal speech. The study included 5‐min speech samples of 225 mothers from Japan (N = 111) and the U.K. (N = 114) talking about their 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children (including 11 sibling pairs, n = 236). Compared with Japanese mothers, British mothers spoke significantly more, gave a significantly higher proportion of child‐focused and mind‐related comments, and also showed a stronger self–other distinction. In addition, within each country, there was a positive relation between mothers’ references to children in the singular (as opposed to plural) form and their mind‐mindedness. Together, the current findings highlight cultural variations in maternal mind‐mindedness, explicit–implicit communication style, and self–other distinction, and also suggest further exploration of relations among them.

中文翻译：

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意识与自我-其他的区别：日英母亲言语样本的对比

为了阐明儿童家庭环境中的文化差异，我们对心智和自我-其他与母性语言的区别进行了深入，直接的比较。该研究包括来自日本（N  = 111）和英国（N  = 114）的225位母亲的5分钟语音样本，讨论了3至6岁的孩子（包括11对兄弟姐妹，n = 236）。与日本母亲相比，英国母亲的话语多得多，在以儿童为中心和与精神有关的评论中所占比例明显更高，并且还表现出更强的自我与他人的区别。此外，在每个国家中，母亲对孩子的单数形式（而不是复数形式）的引用与他们的思想观念之间存在积极的联系。总之，当前的研究结果突出了孕产妇思想，显性-内隐沟通方式和自我-其他差异的文化差异，并建议进一步探讨它们之间的关系。