The marine renewable energy (MRE) industry is growing exponentially in the European Union (EU) due to, among other factors, its potential contribution to mitigating climate change. However, there are negative environmental effects associated with the development of MRE that could compromise the protection of the marine ecosystems. In this context, the EU requires environmental protection and sustainable growth for the development of MRE. This article identifies and analyses the main features of the legal framework provided by the EU secondary law instruments regulating the protection of the environment against the impacts of MRE and explores options to strengthen such protection. It argues that the fragmented and sectoral legal framework is theoretically capable of protecting the environment against the impacts of MRE, but needs to be further developed, coordinated and specified to ensure protection in practice. The article also highlights that the consideration of MRE as projects subject to compulsory environmental impact assessment (EIA) under the EIA Directive and the consideration of key environmental obligations during the EIA process could strengthen the ability of the legal framework to provide protection.

中文翻译：

---

欧洲海洋可再生能源环境法规

欧盟（EU）的海洋可再生能源（MRE）行业正以指数级增长，这是由于其对缓解气候变化的潜在贡献等。但是，与地雷危害教育的发展相关的负面环境影响可能会损害对海洋生态系统的保护。在这种情况下，欧盟要求MRE的发展必须环境保护和可持续增长。本文确定并分析了欧盟二级法律文书所提供的法律框架的主要特征，这些文书规范了保护环境免受地雷危害教育的影响，并探讨了加强此类保护的备选方案。它认为，零散的部门法律框架理论上能够保护环境免受地雷危害教育的影响，但需要进一步开发，协调和指定，以确保在实践中得到保护。该文章还强调指出，将MRE视为根据EIA指令进行强制性环境影响评估（EIA）的项目，并在EIA流程中考虑关键的环境义务，可以增强法律框架提供保护的能力。