Theory on the impact of ethical leadership has traditionally been based on a deontological approach to morality. Underlying this perspective is the assumption that all leader behaviors that encourage “normatively appropriate conduct” will influence followers in a similar fashion. Put differently, the current consensus seems to suggest that actions that focus on preventing unethical behavior—attending to “the wrong”—will have the same impact as actions that focus on promoting ethical behavior—attending to “the right.” Taking a within‐person approach, we draw upon social exchange theory to challenge this consensus and build theory that suggests a follower's felt trust from their leader will be differentially impacted by prevention‐ versus promotion‐focused ethical leadership. We also explore how these different types of ethical leadership may indirectly, through felt trust, impact citizenship behavior and counterproductive work behavior. Finally, we consider how the role of the “moral manager” may interact with the “moral person” by identifying leader moral hypocrisy as an important between‐person moderator of these effects. Given the importance of ethical decision‐making in organizations and the calls for increased ethical leadership, our findings have important implications for both theory and practice.

中文翻译：

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劝阻不道德与鼓励道德：阐明以预防和提升为重点的道德领导的不同影响

关于道德领导力影响的理论传统上是基于对道德的道义学方法。这种观点的基础是这样的假设，即所有鼓励“规范地适当行为”的领导者行为都将以类似的方式影响跟随者。换句话说，当前的共识似乎表明，侧重于防止不道德行为的行为（注意“错误”）将与侧重于促进道德行为的行为（注意“正确”）具有相同的影响。我们采用人际交往的方法，以社会交流理论来挑战这一共识，并建立了一种理论，该理论表明，跟随者所感受到的领导者的信任将受到以预防为主和以提升为中心的道德领导力的不同影响。我们还探讨了这些不同类型的道德领导如何通过感受到的信任而间接影响公民行为和适得其反的工作行为。最后，我们通过确定领导者道德伪善是这些影响的重要人际调节者，来考虑“道德经理”的角色如何与“道德人”相互作用。鉴于道德决策在组织中的重要性以及对提高道德领导力的呼声，我们的发现对理论和实践都具有重要意义。