The purpose of this study was to design and validate a complex gait test (CGT) in preschool children and to examine the relationship between CGT performance and age, sex, and cognitive functioning. A total of 1,040 preschool children, aged 3 to 6 years, participated in this study. In all children, standardized dynamic balance test, and several cognitive functioning measures were used. The results indicate that the CGT has adequate reliability and validity. In the test–retest analysis (n = 90), the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.901 (p < .001). A significant correlation between the initial test and retest (r = 0.821, p < .001) and between the CGT and dynamic balance test (r = −0.432, p < .001), Porteus Maze Test (PMT) (r = −0.416, p = .011), and Goodenough‐Harris Drawing Test (GHDT) (r = −0.386, p < .001) was found. Boys showed a better performance than girls at 3–6 years old. The CGT showed excellent reliability and validity in preschool children and may serve as a potential biomarker in cognitive development.

中文翻译：

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双任务范式中学龄前儿童的复杂步态与性别和认知功能有关：一项提供创新测试和参考价值的跨领域研究

这项研究的目的是设计和验证学龄前儿童的复杂步态测验（CGT），并检查CGT表现与年龄，性别和认知功能之间的关系。共有1,040名3至6岁的学龄前儿童参加了这项研究。在所有儿童中，均使用了标准化的动平衡测试和多种认知功能测量方法。结果表明CGT具有足够的信度和效度。在重测分析中（n  = 90），组内相关系数为0.901（p  <.001）。初始测试和重新测试之间的显着相关性（r  = 0.821，p  <.001）以及CGT和动态平衡测试之间的显着相关性（r  = -0.432，p <.001），Porteus迷宫测试（PMT）（r  = -0.416，p  = .011）和Goodenough-Harris绘图测试（GHDT）（r  = -0.386，p  <.001）。在3-6岁时，男孩表现出比女孩更好的表现。CGT在学龄前儿童中表现出极好的信度和效度，并可作为认知发展中的潜在生物标记。