In this study, we predict that higher levels of relative deprivation and higher levels of task mastery constitute two pathways through which perceived overqualification (POQ) has indirect and opposing effects on task performance. Further, we predict that occupational instrumentality, the degree to which the individual regards their job as a stepping stone to future career opportunities, will serve as a moderator for both pathways. Across two studies, as well as a supplementary study, we found evidence that POQ is positively associated with followers’ perceptions of both task mastery and relative deprivation. In both studies, we also found consistent evidence for a positive indirect effect between POQ and task performance via perceptions of task mastery. This indirect relationship was observed for both self‐rated (Studies 1 and 2) and manager‐rated task performance (Study 2). Further, occupational instrumentality mitigated the positive relationship between POQ and relative deprivation. Overall, the results suggest that POQ–task performance relationship is a function of dual pathways that work in opposing directions and that the ability to see the job as a stepping stone is instrumental in determining the strength of these pathways.

中文翻译：

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认为超额资格和任务绩效：调和两个相反的途径

在这项研究中，我们预测较高的相对剥夺水平和较高的任务掌握水平构成两条途径，通过这些途径，感知过高资格（POQ）对任务绩效具有间接和相反的影响。此外，我们预测职业工具（个人将其工作视为未来职业机会的垫脚石的程度）将充当这两种途径的调节者。在两项研究以及一项补充研究中，我们发现有证据表明POQ与追随者对任务精通和相对剥夺的感知呈正相关。在两项研究中，我们还发现一致的证据表明，通过对任务精通的感知，POQ和任务绩效之间具有积极的间接影响。自我评估（研究1和2）和经理评估的任务绩效（研究2）都观察到这种间接关系。此外，职业工具减轻了POQ与相对剥夺之间的积极关系。总体而言，结果表明POQ与任务绩效之间的关系是双向工作的函数，双向关系朝着相反的方向发展，而将工作视为垫脚石的能力对于确定这些渠道的强度至关重要。