Using data from one urban police department in the United States, this study gauges the effects of individual officer characteristics on use-of-force. Consistent with prior research, we find Emotional Exhaustion to be a negative correlate to use-of-force: Emotionally-exhausted officers avoid engaging with others. However, unlike previous research, we examine administrative data on actual use-of-force and include emotional labor into the model to reveal Surface Acting as a positive and significant correlate to use-of-force, while depersonalization has no effect. Other positive and statistically-significant correlates to use-of-force include number of primary calls and perceived need for use-of-force. In contrast, sex, years of experience, and prior military experience do not explain variations in use-of-force, nor does perceived organizational support or serving in a line officer capacity. We conclude with suggestions for further research, including examining use-of-force as a workplace stressor and the potential for emotional suppression to alter officer interpretations of suspect behavior.

这项研究使用了美国一个城市警察部门的数据，评估了个人警官特征对使用武力的影响。与先前的研究一致，我们发现情感枯竭与使用武力负相关：精疲力竭的军官避免与他人交往。但是，与以前的研究不同，我们检查了有关实际使用武力的行政数据，并将情感劳动纳入模型中，以显示表面行为与使用武力成正相关关系，而去人格化则没有任何作用。与使用武力有关的其他积极且有统计学意义的相关因素包括主要电话的数量和对使用武力的需求。相比之下，性别，多年工作经验和以前的军事经验不能解释使用武力的差异，感觉不到的组织支持或以直属官员的身份服务。最后，我们提出了进一步研究的建议，包括检查使用武力作为工作场所的压力源，以及通过抑制情绪来改变警官对嫌疑人行为的理解。