Many efforts to solve environmental problems arising at the international or transnational level meet with limited success or even end in outright failure. But some efforts of this sort succeed. We construct an analytical model of such efforts leading to the conclusion that an ability to steer a course that avoids the twin perils of institutional reductionism and institutional overload is necessary to achieve success in this realm. We examine a range of risk factors or conditions likely to push processes of regime formation and implementation into one or the other of these pitfalls. We then analyze response strategies or procedures that negotiators and administrators can adopt to steer a course between the two perils, taking into account distinctive features of specific problems. We turn to marine issues to illustrate our reasoning. But the argument is applicable to the entire range of efforts to create and implement international environmental regimes.

中文翻译：

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环境问题为什么难解决？制度还原论和制度超载的危险

许多在国际或跨国层面解决环境问题的努力都取得了有限的成功，甚至以彻底失败告终。但是，这种类型的一些努力取得了成功。我们构建了此类努力的分析模型，得出的结论是，要在该领域取得成功，必须有能力引导避免制度还原论和制度超载的双重危险。我们研究了一系列可能将制度形成和实施过程推入这些陷阱中的一个或另一个的风险因素或条件。然后，我们分析了谈判者和管理人员可以采用的应对策略或程序，以在两种危险之间进行引导，同时考虑到特定问题的独特特征。我们转向海洋问题来说明我们的推理。