We examined infant activity level and attention in 45 eight‐month‐old infants (mean age 8.8, SD = 2.07) living in two diverse socio‐cultural contexts: rural island societies in the South Pacific and urban Western societies in North America. Infants and mothers were observed for 10 minutes in a face‐to‐face interaction and later coded for the frequency of infants' motor movements and gaze shifts. Results indicate that infants in urban North American societies produced more frequent motor movements and gaze shifts compared to infants in rural, island societies in Oceania. We interpret these discrepancies as reflecting differences in social experience, ecological niches as well as physiological experiences. These findings highlight the complex interplay of development and experience early in life.

中文翻译：

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婴儿自发行为的文化差异：来自小规模农村岛屿社会的证据

我们检查了生活在两种不同社会文化背景下的45个8个月大婴儿（平均年龄8.8，SD = 2.07）的婴儿活动水平和注意力：南太平洋的乡村岛屿社会和北美洲的城市西部社会。在面对面的互动中观察婴儿和母亲10分钟，然后将其编码为婴儿运动和凝视的频率。结果表明，与大洋洲农村，岛屿社会中的婴儿相比，北美城市社会中的婴儿产生更频繁的运动和注视。我们将这些差异解释为反映了社会经验，生态位和生理经验的差异。这些发现突显了生命早期发展与经验的复杂相互作用。