Cooperation is fundamental to human society; thus, it may come as little surprise that by their second birthdays, infants are able to perceive when two human agents are working together towards a shared goal. However, far less is known about whether infants view nonhuman agents as being capable of cooperative shared goals. Thirteen‐month‐old infants were habituated to a cooperative interaction involving a human and robot agent as they worked to remove a toy from inside a box. While previous research suggests that infants readily structure the actions of human cooperative partners as being towards a shared goal, surprisingly infants in the current study did not extend their expectations about cooperation when a robot agent was present. These findings contribute to our understanding of the nature of infants' developing notions of goal‐directed behaviour and are the first examination of infants' perceptions of cooperation involving robotic agents.

中文翻译：

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婴儿对人与机器人合作的看法

合作对人类社会至关重要。因此，不足为奇的是，到了他们的第二个生日，当两个人类特工共同朝着一个共同的目标努力时，婴儿就能感知到。但是，对于婴儿是否将非人类行为者视为能够实现共同目标的了解还很少。13个月大的婴儿习惯于通过人与机器人代理人的合作进行互动，他们努力从盒子里取出玩具。尽管先前的研究表明婴儿很容易将人类合作伙伴的行为构造为实现共同的目标，但令人惊讶的是，当前研究中的婴儿在出现机器人特工的情况下并没有扩大对合作的期望。这些发现有助于我们了解婴儿的性格。