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Custody Judgments, Ex‐offender Parents, and Best Interests of the Child 
Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy ( IF 1.375 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-20 , DOI: 10.1111/asap.12199
Julie Wertheimer 1 , Richard L. Wiener 1
Affiliation  

One collateral consequence of a criminal conviction for parents with young children is the loss of custody, which turns on the subjective “best interests of the child” standard. This research explored whether criminal conviction and substance abuse history influenced custody decisions. Experiment 1 presented community participants with a vignette describing a parent with combinations of manipulated stigmatized characteristics (i.e., gender, race, offender status, and substance abuse). Participants completed a custody determination scale, which showed that mothers with an offense received more favorable custody decisions than fathers with an offense, as did ex‐offenders without substance abuse. Experiment 2 added a positive or negative psychological fitness evaluation of the ex‐offender. It found main effects of the professional parenting evaluation and replicated the parent's substance abuse findings from Experiment 1, but not the offense status result. Most importantly, these results were significant after controlling for the participants’ ratings of the best interests of the child in question and mediation analyses revealed that the child's best interests only partially explained the relationships between substance abuse, the parental evaluation, and the custody determination. This suggests that participants made custody decisions based on factors extraneous to the current legal standard, namely, the best interests of the child.

中文翻译:

监护权判决,犯罪前父母和孩子的最大利益 

对有年幼子女的父母进行刑事定罪的附带后果是失去监护权,这取决于主观的“儿童的最大利益”标准。这项研究探讨了犯罪定罪和滥用毒品的历史是否会影响监护决定。实验1向社区参与者展示了一个小插图,该小插图描述了父母,这些父母具有被操纵的带有污名化的特征(即性别,种族,罪犯身份和滥用毒品)的组合。参与者完成了监护权判定量表,表明有犯罪行为的母亲比有犯罪行为的父亲得到更有利的监护权决定,而没有滥用毒品的前罪犯也得到更好的监护权决定。实验2对前犯进行了正面或负面的心理适应性评估。它发现了专业育儿评估的主要作用,并复制了实验1中父母的药物滥用发现,但没有复制犯罪状态结果。最重要的是,在控制了参与者对所讨论儿童的最大利益的评级之后,这些结果非常重要。调解分析显示,儿童的最大利益仅部分解释了药物滥用,父母评估和监护权确定之间的关系。这表明,参与者根据当前法律标准之外的其他因素(即孩子的最大利益)做出监护权决定。在控制了参与者对所讨论的孩子的最大利益的评级之后,这些结果是有意义的。调解分析显示,孩子的最大利益仅部分解释了药物滥用,父母评估和监护权确定之间的关系。这表明,参与者根据当前法律标准之外的其他因素(即孩子的最大利益)做出监护权决定。在控制了参与者对所讨论的孩子的最大利益的评级之后,这些结果是有意义的。调解分析显示,孩子的最大利益仅部分解释了药物滥用,父母评估和监护权确定之间的关系。这表明,参与者根据当前法律标准之外的其他因素(即孩子的最大利益)做出监护权决定。
更新日期:2020-02-20
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