We report one-dimensional kinetic simulation of electron and ion transport and multiplication (based on the Boltzmann kinetic equations) in a self-consistent electric field after electron injection from the cathode. The 1D1V Boltzmann equations take into account the electron impact ionization, elastic electron scattering, and resonant ion recharging. The spatio-temporal evolution of the gas breakdown in a planar diode with a gap of 5 mm filled with nitrogen at pressure of 1 Pa, with applied voltage of 2.5 kV, was demonstrated in detail. In the vicinity of these parameters, an intermediate gap breakdown mode is realized when the discharge exists in the form of relaxation current oscillations. The simulation showed that, during plasma generation, the electric potential acquires non-monotonic spatial distribution in the gap. Under the non-monotonic potential distribution, anode-directed ion flow is formed inside the gap. An extended hump of potential may appear, forming ion fluxes with kinetic energy nominally exceeding the voltage drop (in the calculated spectrum the mean ion energy was at the level of 6–7 keV at an applied voltage of 2.5 kV).

我们从阴极注入电子后，在自洽电场中报告了电子和离子的运输和相乘（基于玻尔兹曼动力学方程）的一维动力学模拟。1D1V Boltzmann方程考虑了电子碰撞电离，弹性电子散射和共振离子再充电。详细介绍了在平面二极管中，气体间隙在5 mm的间隙中充入氮气，压力为1 Pa，施加电压为2.5 kV时，气体击穿的时空演变。在这些参数附近，当放电以弛豫电流振荡的形式存在时，实现了中间间隙击穿模式。模拟表明，在等离子体产生期间，电势在间隙中获得非单调的空间分布。在非单调电势分布下，在间隙内部形成阳极导向的离子流。可能会出现扩展的电势驼峰，形成动能名义上超过电压降的离子通量（在计算得出的频谱中，在2.5 kV的施加电压下，平均离子能处于6–7 keV的水平）。