Quantum tomography makes it possible to obtain comprehensive information about certain logical elements of a quantum computer. In this regard, it is a promising tool for debugging quantum computers. The practical application of tomography, however, is still limited by systematic measurement errors. Their main source are errors in the quantum state preparation and measurement procedures. In this work, we investigate the possibility of suppressing these errors in the case of ion-based qudits. First, we will show that one can construct a quantum measurement protocol that contains no more than a single quantum operation in each measurement circuit. Such a protocol is more robust to errors than the measurements in mutually unbiased bases, where the number of operations increases in proportion to the square of the qudit dimension. After that, we will demonstrate the possibility of determining and accounting for the state initialization and readout errors. Together, the measures described can significantly improve the accuracy of quantum tomography of real ion-based qudits.

中文翻译：

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噪声离子基量子的量子断层扫描

量子断层扫描可以获取有关量子计算机某些逻辑元素的综合信息。在这方面，它是调试量子计算机的有前途的工具。然而，断层扫描的实际应用仍然受到系统测量误差的限制。它们的主要来源是量子态准备和测量程序中的错误。在这项工作中，我们研究了在基于离子的量子点的情况下抑制这些错误的可能性。首先，我们将展示可以构建一个量子测量协议，在每个测量电路中只包含一个量子操作。这样的协议比相互无偏基中的测量对错误更稳健，其中操作的数量与 qudit 维度的平方成正比增加。之后，我们将演示确定和解释状态初始化和读出错误的可能性。总之，所描述的措施可以显着提高基于真实离子的 qudits 的量子断层扫描的准确性。