During the operation of subway vehicles, the vibration of air conditioning units is mainly transmitted to the vehicle body through the suspension support, which seriously affects the stability and comfort of the vehicle during operation. Therefore, the design and optimization of the suspension support of air conditioning units has become a hot topic in the research of the dynamic characteristics of subway vehicles. In this paper, the rigid and flexible coupling dynamic model of metro is firstly calculated to simulate the stress of the suspension point of air conditioning of the vehicle body when the vehicle is running. The initial structure design of the suspension support is carried out, and the stress of the air conditioning suspension point is taken as the load input to analyze the stiffness and strength of the initial structure of the suspension support. Then, the fatigue life is taken as the topology constraint, and the variable density method (SIMP) is used to optimize the topology of the suspension bracket. Finally, the optimized suspension support is validated. The results show that after topological optimization, the maximum displacement and maximum stress of the suspension support under vertical, horizontal, and vertical loads are reduced by 80%, 93%, and 99%, respectively, compared with the original structure model, and the maximum stress under vertical loads is reduced by 50%.

地铁车辆运行过程中，空调机组的振动主要通过悬架支撑传递到车体，严重影响车辆运行时的稳定性和舒适性。因此，空调机组悬架支撑的设计与优化已成为地铁车辆动态特性研究的热点。本文首先计算地铁刚柔耦合动力学模型，模拟车辆运行时车体空调悬挂点的受力情况。进行悬架支撑初始结构设计，以空调悬架点应力为载荷输入，分析悬架初始结构的刚度和强度。然后，以疲劳寿命为拓扑约束，采用变密度法（SIMP）对悬架支架的拓扑进行优化。最后对优化后的悬架支撑进行了验证。结果表明，拓扑优化后，悬挂支撑在竖向、水平、垂直荷载作用下的最大位移和最大应力较原结构模型分别降低了80%、93%和99%，垂直载荷下的最大应力减少 50%。