Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)/acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe clinical respiratory failure disorder associated with chronic pathology and disability and has a mortality rate of 40%–60%. However, the pathogenesis of ARDS/ALI remains unclear, and existing therapeutic options are insufficient for addressing the severity of the disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in the prevention and treatment of ALI, especially acute alveolar epithelial injury. However, the low survival rate of transplanted MSCs reduces their effectiveness. When human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) are transplanted directly, only a minority of cells migrate toward damaged tissues. Moreover, their maintenance time is short, leading to unsatisfactory therapeutic results. A moderate hypoxic environment can promote the proliferation of MSCs, inhibit apoptosis, and facilitate migration and chemotaxis. In summary, hypoxic culturing before transplantation improves the effectiveness of hUC-MSCs in treating ARDS/ALI and promises to provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

中文翻译：

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人脐带间充质干细胞的缺氧预处理是治疗急性肺损伤的有效策略

急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）/急性肺损伤（ALI）是一种与慢性病理和残疾相关的严重临床呼吸衰竭疾病，死亡率为40%~60%。然而，ARDS/ALI 的发病机制尚不清楚，现有的治疗方案不足以解决疾病的严重程度。间充质干细胞（MSCs）在预防和治疗急性肺损伤，尤其是急性肺泡上皮损伤方面发挥着重要作用。然而，移植的 MSC 的低存活率降低了其有效性。当直接移植人脐带间充质干细胞 (hUC-MSCs) 时，只有少数细胞向受损组织迁移。此外，它们的维持时间短，导致治疗效果不理想。适度的缺氧环境可以促进MSCs的增殖，抑制细胞凋亡，促进迁移和趋化。总之，移植前缺氧培养提高了 hUC-MSCs 治疗 ARDS/ALI 的有效性，并有望提供新的诊断和治疗靶点。