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An extended ice-age sea-level equation: incorporating water flux across sills
Geophysical Journal International ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 , DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggaa596
Sophie Coulson 1 , David Al-Attar 2 , Jerry Mitrovica 1
Affiliation  

We present a generalized theory governing gravitationally self-consistent, spatio-temporal sea-level changes within an ocean-plus-lake system that is intermittently connected by water mass flux across a sill. Our expressions for the change in sea level (defined as the difference in height of the sea-surface equipotential relative to the solid surface) hold for any Earth model, and easily incorporate effects of viscoelastic deformation of the solid Earth and perturbations in both the gravitational field and rotation vector (as is now standard in ice-age sea-level calculations). In its most general form, the theory also includes an exact treatment of the evolving shoreline position in both water bodies. Our formalism involves three cases: (1) one global ocean, in which mass transfer may occur between ice sheets and the global ocean; (2) an ocean and lake separated by an exposed sill, in which mass transfer may occur between ice sheets and the global ocean, and between the ocean and lake via evaporative flux and (3) transitional phases between these two states, when the ocean surface reaches the height of the sill from below (i.e. the sill is breached) or above (the sill is exposed). We illustrate the new theory using examples from the Black Sea flooding during the last deglacial phase (∼10 ka) and sea-level fall in the Mediterranean Sea during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.96–5.33 Ma). These examples demonstrate the importance of including the geophysical feedbacks associated with sea-level change in an isolated basin in the dynamics of flooding and desiccation.

中文翻译:

扩展的冰河时期海平面方程式:合并跨过窗台的水通量

我们提出了一个广义的理论来控制一个加冰湖系统中的重力自洽的,时空的海平面变化,该系统由水流穿过窗台而间歇地连接。我们对于海平面变化(定义为相对于固体表面的海面等电位高度的差异)的表达式适用于任何地球模型,并且可以轻松地将固体地球的粘弹性变形和引力的扰动合并在一起场和旋转矢量(现在是冰龄海平面计算中的标准)。在最一般的形式上,该理论还包括对两个水体中不断演变的海岸线位置的精确处理。我们的形式主义涉及三种情况:(1)一个全球海洋,其中冰盖和全球海洋之间可能发生质量转移;(2)由裸露的槛隔开的海洋和湖泊,其中可能在冰盖和全球海洋之间以及通过蒸发通量在海洋和湖泊之间发生传质,并且(3)两种状态之间的过渡阶段,即海洋表面从下方(即,门槛被突破)或上方(门槛被暴露)到达门槛的高度。我们用最后冰期末期(〜10 ka)的黑海洪水和墨西尼盐度危机(5.96-5.33 Ma)期间地中海海平面下降的例子来说明新理论。这些例子说明了在洪水和干燥过程中将与海平面变化有关的地球物理反馈纳入隔离盆地的重要性。当海洋表面从下面(即,门槛被破坏)或上方(门槛被暴露)到达门槛的高度时,通过蒸发通量和(3)这两个状态之间的过渡阶段在海洋和湖泊之间。我们用最后冰期末期(〜10 ka)的黑海洪水和墨西尼盐度危机(5.96-5.33 Ma)期间地中海海平面下降的例子来说明新理论。这些例子说明了在洪水和干燥过程中将与海平面变化有关的地球物理反馈纳入隔离盆地的重要性。当海洋表面从下面(即,门槛被突破)或高于(通过门槛被暴露)到达门槛的高度时,通过蒸发通量在海洋和湖泊之间以及(3)这两个状态之间的过渡阶段之间。我们用最后冰期末期(〜10 ka)的黑海洪水和墨西尼盐度危机(5.96-5.33 Ma)期间地中海海平面下降的例子来说明新理论。这些例子表明,将与孤立海盆中海平面变化相关的地球物理反馈纳入洪水和干旱动态中的重要性。我们用最后冰期末期(〜10 ka)的黑海洪水和墨西尼盐度危机(5.96-5.33 Ma)期间地中海海平面下降的例子来说明新理论。这些例子说明了在洪水和干燥过程中将与海平面变化有关的地球物理反馈纳入隔离盆地的重要性。我们用最后冰期末期(〜10 ka)的黑海洪水和墨西尼盐度危机(5.96-5.33 Ma)期间地中海海平面下降的例子来说明新理论。这些例子说明了在洪水和干燥过程中将与海平面变化有关的地球物理反馈纳入隔离盆地的重要性。
更新日期:2021-02-15
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