Dairy cows show a high sensitivity to changes in barn climate, which can result in physiological and ethological responses because of the homeostatic mechanisms to regulate the body temperature under heat load. The objective of this study was to analyze the lying behavior and occupancy of lying cubicles of lactating high-yielding Holstein-Friesian cows throughout the day during three summer months and three winter months. The study was conducted in summer 2016 and in winter 2016/17 in a naturally ventilated barn in Brandenburg, Germany. The determined temperature-humidity index (THI) of the barn was calculated using the measured ambient temperature and relative humidity at eight locations inside the barn. The THI was used to define the heat load the cows were exposed to. The activity of the cows was measured with accelerometers, and a video recording was made to analyze the occupancy of the three rows of lying cubicles. The results indicated that increasing heat load led to a decrease in lying time; therefore, the daily lying time differed between summer and winter months. In addition, there were different patterns of lying behavior during the course of the day, depending on the season. A sharp decline in lying time could be observed especially in the afternoon hours during the summer. The occupancy of lying cubicles was also influenced by the heat load. The data could be helpful to enable evaluation with algorithms for early detection of heat load.

中文翻译：

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在自然通风的谷仓中热负荷引起的泌乳奶牛躺卧行为和躺卧占用的变化

奶牛对谷仓气候变化表现出高度的敏感性，这可能是由于在热负荷下调节体温的体内平衡机制而导致的生理和伦理学反应。这项研究的目的是分析三个夏季月份和三个冬季月份中全日泌乳高产荷斯坦-弗里斯兰奶牛的躺卧行为和躺卧情况。该研究于2016年夏季和2016/17年冬季在德国勃兰登堡州的自然通风谷仓中进行。使用在谷仓内部八个位置处测得的环境温度和相对湿度计算确定的谷仓温度-湿度指数（THI）。THI用于确定奶牛受到的热负荷。用加速度计测量母牛的活动，并进行了录像，以分析三排卧式隔间的占用情况。结果表明，热负荷的增加导致躺卧时间的减少。因此，夏季和冬季的每日躺卧时间有所不同。此外，根据季节的不同，白天的躺卧行为也有不同的方式。尤其是在夏季的下午，躺卧时间急剧下降。说谎的小房间的占用也受到热负荷的影响。数据可能有助于通过早期检测热负荷的算法进行评估。夏季和冬季，每日躺卧时间有所不同。此外，根据季节的不同，白天的躺卧行为也有不同的模式。尤其是在夏季的下午，躺卧时间急剧下降。说谎的小房间的占用也受到热负荷的影响。数据可能有助于通过早期检测热负荷的算法进行评估。夏季和冬季，每日躺卧时间有所不同。此外，根据季节的不同，白天的躺卧行为也有不同的方式。尤其是在夏季的下午，躺卧时间急剧下降。说谎的小房间的占用也受到热负荷的影响。数据可能有助于通过早期检测热负荷的算法进行评估。