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Disappearance Rates of a Placebo Bait for the Small Indian Mongoose Across Different Habitats on St. Kitts
Caribbean Journal of Science ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.18475/cjos.v50i2.a5
Are R. Berentsen 1 , Luis Cruz-Martinez 2 , Ad Vos 3 , Steffen Ortmann 3 , Antje Kretzschmar 3 , Christian Kaiser 3 , Luis Hervé-Claude 2 , Darryn Knobel 2 , Charles E. Rupprecht 2
Affiliation  

The small Indian mongoose (Urva aurpunctata) is a non-indigenous wildlife reservoir for rabies virus on several Caribbean islands. Oral rabies vaccination (ORV) has been suggested to prevent the spread of rabies in mongooses, but there are limited data on ORV bait survival in maritime/tropical climates. We compared disappearance rates of an egg-flavored bait block vs. a control (canned tuna) and for bait blocks, we assessed if season, habitat, and day/night would influence the disappearance rate. On the island of St. Kitts, West Indies, we baited 45 stations (n=35 bait blocks, n=10 controls) at dawn and checked them twice daily for 4 consecutive days. This procedure was repeated after a two-day period, for each combination of season (dry and wet) and habitat type (mixed grassland, littoral and dry forest). We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate bait survival at 12 and 36 hours after baiting. Across all sites, control baits were removed faster than bait blocks, but by 36 hours, over 90% of all baits had disappeared. For bait blocks only, the disappearance rate was higher during the dry season and in the dry forest habitat compared to the other habitats. There was no difference between diurnal and nocturnal disappearance rates. While the exact species that consumed the baits remain uncertain, we found that mongooses readily remove bait blocks, along with non-native mammals (e.g., dogs and cats) and land crabs in littoral habitats. We suggest that the bait blocks used in this study may be suitable for use as an external bait matrix for ORV baits.

中文翻译:

圣基茨郡不同生境上小印度猫鼬的安慰剂诱饵的消失率

小型印度猫鼬(Urva aurpunctata)是加勒比几个岛屿上狂犬病病毒的非本土野生动物保护区。已建议口服狂犬病疫苗接种(ORV)来防止狂犬病在猫鼬中传播,但有关海上/热带气候下ORV诱饵存活的数据有限。我们比较了鸡蛋味诱饵块与对照(金枪鱼罐头)的消失率,对于诱饵块,我们评估了季节,栖息地和昼夜是否会影响消失率。在西印度群岛圣基茨岛上,我们在黎明时诱捕了45个车站(n = 35个诱饵区,n = 10个控制点),并连续4天每天检查两次。在两天的时间之后,针对季节(干燥和潮湿)和栖息地类型(混合草地,沿海和干燥森林)的每种组合,重复此过程。我们使用Kaplan-Meier方法估算诱饵在诱饵后12和36小时的存活率。在所有场所,对照诱饵的清除速度均比诱饵块快,但到36小时后,所有诱饵的90%都消失了。仅对于诱饵块而言,与其他生境相比,在旱季和干燥森林生境中的消失率更高。昼夜消失率与夜间消失率没有差异。虽然消耗掉诱饵的确切物种仍然不确定,但我们发现猫鼬很容易将诱饵块以及非本地哺乳动物(例如狗和猫)和沿岸栖息地的陆地蟹清除。我们建议本研究中使用的诱饵模块可能适合用作ORV诱饵的外部诱饵矩阵。对照诱饵的清除速度比诱饵块快,但到36小时后,所有诱饵的90%都消失了。仅对于诱饵块而言,与其他生境相比,在旱季和干燥森林生境中的消失率更高。昼夜消失率与夜间消失率没有差异。虽然消耗掉诱饵的确切物种仍然不确定,但我们发现猫鼬很容易将诱饵块以及非本地哺乳动物(例如狗和猫)和沿岸栖息地的陆地蟹清除。我们建议本研究中使用的诱饵模块可能适合用作ORV诱饵的外部诱饵矩阵。对照诱饵的清除速度比诱饵块快,但到36小时后,所有诱饵的90%都消失了。仅对于诱饵块而言,与其他生境相比,在旱季和干燥森林生境中的消失率更高。昼夜消失率与夜间消失率之间没有差异。虽然消耗掉诱饵的确切物种仍然不确定,但我们发现猫鼬很容易将诱饵块以及非本地哺乳动物(例如狗和猫)和沿岸栖息地的陆地蟹清除。我们建议本研究中使用的诱饵模块可能适合用作ORV诱饵的外部诱饵矩阵。与其他生境相比,旱季和干旱森林生境中的消失率更高。昼夜消失率与夜间消失率没有差异。虽然消耗掉诱饵的确切物种仍然不确定,但我们发现猫鼬很容易将诱饵块以及非本地哺乳动物(例如狗和猫)和沿岸栖息地的陆地蟹清除。我们建议本研究中使用的诱饵模块可能适合用作ORV诱饵的外部诱饵矩阵。与其他生境相比,旱季和干旱森林生境中的消失率更高。昼夜消失率与夜间消失率没有差异。虽然消耗掉诱饵的确切物种仍然不确定,但我们发现猫鼬很容易将诱饵块以及非本地哺乳动物(例如狗和猫)和沿岸栖息地的陆地蟹清除。我们建议本研究中使用的诱饵模块可能适合用作ORV诱饵的外部诱饵矩阵。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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