A study of heavy mineral assemblages, rutile compositions, and detrital zircon age populations in Namurian to Westphalian sandstones in North Wales, deposited in the southwestern part of the Pennine Basin of the United Kingdom, has revealed considerable complexity in their provenance history. The Pendleian to Marsdenian Cefn‐y‐fedw Sandstone Formation, which is known to have been derived from the Wales–Brabant Massif (WBM) to the south on the basis of palaeocurrent and petrographic information, has a heavy mineral assemblage characteristic of this southerly provenance, and includes Late Neoproterozoic zircons apparently of local WBM origin. However, the formation is dominated by zircons that were most probably recycled from sandstones of northern origin from the Caledonian Belt that had been previously deposited over the massif during Late Devonian times, and, as such, has a comparable history to the sedimentologically‐equivalent Morridge Formation of the English Midlands. Heavy mineral analysis shows that sandstones in the Brigantian Minera Formation and Yeadonian part of the Bowland Shale Formation are of similar southern provenance. The Yeadonian Gwespyr Sandstone, previously interpreted as having a northern origin, similar to the time‐equivalent Rough Rock, has variations in heavy mineral analysis and zircon spectrum that suggest a complex provenance history and includes sand bodies with northern, western, and southern origins.

中文翻译：

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在北威尔士石炭纪砂岩沉积过程中，南部，西部和北部资源之间的相互作用，取决于重矿物，矿物化学和碎屑锆石的年龄

一项对沉积在英国彭宁盆地西南部的北威尔士那慕尔至威斯特伐利亚砂岩中重矿物组合，金红石成分和碎屑锆石年龄种群的研究表明，其起源历史具有相当大的复杂性。Pendleian到Marsdenian的Cefn-y-fedw砂岩地层，据称是根据古流和岩相学资料从南部的威尔士–布拉班特地块（WBM）派生而来，其重矿物组合是该南部地区的特征。 ，并包括显然是当地WBM起源的新元古代晚期锆石。然而，地层以锆石为主，锆石很可能是从加里东地带北部起源的砂岩中回收的，这些砂岩曾在泥盆纪晚期沉积在地块上，因此，其历史可与沉积学上等价的莫里奇地层相提并论。英国中部地区。重矿物分析表明，Brigantian Minera组和Bowland页岩组的Yeadonian部分的砂岩具有相似的南部出处。Yeadonian Gwespyr砂岩以前被解释为具有北部起源，类似于时间上的粗糙岩石，但在重矿物分析和锆石光谱方面存在差异，这表明了复杂的物源历史，并且包括具有北部，西部和南部起源的砂体。与英格兰中部地区在沉积学上等效的莫里奇组具​​有相似的历史。重矿物分析表明，Brigantian Minera组和Bowland页岩组的Yeadonian部分的砂岩具有相似的南部出处。Yeadonian Gwespyr砂岩以前被解释为具有北部起源，类似于时间上的粗糙岩石，但在重矿物分析和锆石光谱方面存在差异，这表明了复杂的物源历史，并且包括具有北部，西部和南部起源的砂体。与英格兰中部地区在沉积学上等效的莫里奇组具​​有相似的历史。重矿物分析表明，Brigantian Minera组和Bowland页岩组的Yeadonian部分的砂岩具有相似的南部出处。Yeadonian Gwespyr砂岩以前被解释为具有北部起源，类似于时间上的粗糙岩石，但在重矿物分析和锆石光谱方面存在差异，这表明了复杂的物源历史，并且包括具有北部，西部和南部起源的砂体。