Intercolony drifting of the Japanese paper wasp, Polistes rothneyi Cameron, was observed using individual color marking of workers. No genetic relatedness was found by using microsatellite markers between drifting workers and the recipient colony. Genetic analysis of brood in the recipient colony revealed reproduction by non‐kin drifting worker(s) in the queenless host colony. The non‐kin broods were raised like broods of the recipient colony until the genetic analysis. This study is the first evidence of male production by non‐kin workers in temperate eusocial wasps. This natural event would compensate for fitness loss as an alternative reproductive strategy evolved under predation and climatic pressures, and is also discussed from the viewpoint of mutual help.

中文翻译：

---

1900年，日本黄蜂中的流浪工人进行另类繁殖的证据，Polistes rothneyi Cameron（膜翅目：维斯皮科）

Intercolony日本胡蜂，漂流马蜂rothneyi卡梅伦，使用单独的颜色工人的标记观察。通过使用在漂流工人和受体菌落之间的微卫星标记，没有发现遗传相关性。受体菌落的亲本的遗传分析显示，无蚁后宿主菌落的非亲属流浪者繁殖。非亲属的亲体像受主菌落的亲体一样被提起，直到进行遗传分析。这项研究是温带正常社会黄蜂中非亲属工人生产男性的第一个证据。这种自然事件将弥补适应性丧失，作为在掠食和气候压力下发展起来的另一种繁殖策略，并且还将从互助的角度进行讨论。