The differences in organic matter abundance and rock composition between shale and mudstone determine the discrepancy of their contributions to the formation of conventional and shale oil/gas reservoirs. The evaluation criteria of source rocks are different in the future exploration in self-sourced petroleum systems. Shales are deposited in deep/semi-deep lacustrine, with low sedimentation rate and chemical depositions of various degrees, while mudstones are mostly formed in shallow lacustrine/lakeside, with high deposition rate and density flow characteristics. Three factors contribute to the enrichment of organic matter in shales, including the “fertility effect” caused by volcanic ash deposition and hydrothermal injection, excessive and over-speed growth of organisms promoted by radioactive materials, and deep-water anaerobic environment and low sedimentation rate to protect the accumulation of organic matter from dilution. Lamellations in shales are easy to be stripped into storage space, and acid water produced during hydrocarbon generation can dissolve some particles to generate new pores. The massive mudstones with high clay content are of poor matrix porosity. Shales with high total organic carbon, developed laminations, relatively good reservoir property, and high brittle mineral content, are the most favorable lithofacies for shale oil exploration and development. It is necessary to conduct investigation on the differences between shale and mudstone reservoirs, to identify resources distribution in shale and mudstone formations, determine the type and standard of “sweet-spot” evaluation parameters, optimize “sweet-spot areas/ sections”, and adopt effective development technologies, which is of great significance to objectively evaluate the total amount and economy of shale oil resources, as well as the scale of effective exploitation.

页岩和泥岩之间有机质丰度和岩石组成的差异决定了它们对常规和页岩油气储集层贡献的差异。在未来的自采石油系统中，烃源岩的评价标准是不同的。页岩沉积在深/半深湖相中，沉积速率低，化学沉积程度不同，而泥岩大多形成在浅湖相/湖床中，具有高沉积速率和高密度流特征。影响页岩中有机物富集的三个因素包括：火山灰沉积和热液注入引起的“生育效应”，放射性物质促进生物体过度和超速生长，以及深水厌氧环境和低沉淀率，以保护有机物的积累不受稀释。页岩中的层状沉积物很容易剥离到储层空间中，在烃类生产过程中产生的酸性水可以溶解一些颗粒，从而产生新的孔隙。粘土含量高的块状泥岩基质孔隙度差。页岩的总有机碳含量高，层理发达，储层性质相对较好，脆性矿物含量高，是页岩油勘探和开发的最有利岩相。有必要对页岩和泥岩储层之间的差异进行调查，确定页岩和泥岩地层中的资源分布，确定“甜点区”评价参数的类型和标准，优化“甜点区/断面”，