Hippoboscid flies, also known as louse flies, are obligate blood-feeders ectoparasites of birds and mammals. By studying louse fly parasites of four Passeriformes species, Eurasian blackbird (Turdus merula), Eurasian blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla), common chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) and European robin (Erithacus rubecula), with dissimilar time of colonization of Azores islands, we tested whether: (i) island host populations have lower parasite richness than the mainland one; (ii) island host populations undergo higher parasite prevalence, mean intensities and mean abundance than the mainland one; (iii) island parasite diversity are composed exclusively by specific parasites and (iv) parasite richness is positively correlated with the island area and proximity to the continent. For these purposes, 775 birds were sampled for presence of louse flies, by modified fumigation chamber method, from Azores Islands (São Miguel, Terceira and Flores) and Portugal mainland. Insular and mainland parasite assemblages were statistically compared. We record for the first time to Azores, Ornithomya fringillina and Icosta minor from Portugal mainland. Louse flies had highest prevalence and abundance from Azores Islands compared to those observed in mainland birds, especially blackbirds. The insular parasite diversity of Azores blackbirds, blackcaps and chaffinches was richer than the one observed in mainland population. None of the hippoboscid flies observed on the islands and mainland were host-specific. Thus, our findings provide an upgrade of parasite island syndromes knowledge, in the context of the ectoparasites, namely to the hippoboscid flies case.

沙棘蝇，也称为虱蝇，是鸟类和哺乳动物专性的食血性寄生虫。通过研究四种雀形目的虱蝇寄生虫，欧亚黑（（Turdus merula），欧亚黑（（Sylvia atricapilla），普通燕雀（Fringilla coelebs ）和欧洲知更鸟（Erithacus rubecula）），在亚速尔群岛的殖民时间不同的情况下，我们测试了以下问题：（i）岛屿寄主种群的寄生虫丰富度低于大陆种群；（ii）岛屿寄主种群的寄生虫流行率，平均强度和平均丰度均高于大陆人群；（iii）岛屿寄生虫的多样性仅由特定的寄生虫组成，并且（iv）寄生虫的丰富度与岛屿面积和与大陆的接近程度呈正相关。为了这些目的，通过改良的熏蒸室方法，从亚速尔群岛（圣米格尔岛，特塞拉和弗洛雷斯）和葡萄牙大陆采样了775只禽类，以发现虱蝇。岛和大陆的寄生虫组合进行了统计比较。我们首次录制亚速尔群岛，Ornithomya fringillina和Icosta小来自葡萄牙大陆。与大陆鸟类（尤其是黑鸟）相比，亚速尔群岛的虱蝇流行率和丰度最高。亚速尔群岛的黑鸟，黑帽和燕雀的岛上寄生虫多样性要比大陆人群的丰富。在岛屿和大陆上观察到的所有河马蝇都没有宿主特异性。因此，我们的研究结果提供了在寄生虫的背景下，即到河马果蝇病例的寄生虫岛综合症知识的升级。