Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae is a highly virulent pathogen which has seriously threatened the development of Macrobrachium nipponense in various farms. However, little information is available in relation to underlying mechanisms of host-bacteria interaction in M. nipponense. In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis of M. nipponense at 6 and 12 h post-infection (hpi), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (P<0.05) were revealed by comparison of gene expression levels between 6 and 12 hpi. The results showed that expression of different immune-related genes was found significantly regulated at 6 hpi than at 12 hpi by transcriptome analysis, which was verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 189 DEGs including 104 up-regulated genes and 85 down-regulated genes from hepatopancreas at 6 hpi, 56 DEGs at 12 hpi were identified, which was much lower than that in the comparison of at 6 hpi and the up-regulated and down-regulated genes were 39 and 17, respectively. Many genes associated with Rap1 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, Endocytosis, Hippo signaling pathway, Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis and Phagosome were positively modified after non-O1 V. cholerae challenge, and most the immune-related pathways were activated at 6 hpi. We selected 6 DEGs and validated their expression level by RT-qPCR. The data generated in this study may provide a valuable resource for further immune response research and offer improved strategies against non-O1 V. cholerae infection in shrimp.

非O1霍乱弧菌是一种高毒性病原体，已严重威胁着各种养殖场中日本沼虾的发展。然而，很少有关于日本分枝杆菌中宿主-细菌相互作用的潜在机制的信息。在这项研究中，我们进行的转录组分析日本沼虾在6和12小时后感染（HPI），以及差异表达的基因（DEGS）（P通过比较6至12 hpi之间的基因表达水平揭示了<0.05）。结果表明，通过转录组分析发现在6 hpi时比在12 hpi时，不同免疫相关基因的表达受到显着调节，这已通过定量实时PCR（qRT-PCR）进行了验证。总共鉴定出189个DEG，其中包括在6 hpi时来自肝胰腺的104个上调基因和85个下调基因，在12 hpi时鉴定了56个DEGs，这远低于在6 hpi和上调的情况下的DEG值。下调的基因分别为39和17。非O1霍乱弧菌后与Rap1信号通路，MAPK信号通路，ECM受体相互作用，内吞作用，河马信号通路，泛素介导的蛋白水解和吞噬体相关的许多基因被阳性修饰。挑战，并且大多数与免疫相关的途径在6 hpi时被激活。我们选择了6个DEG，并通过RT-qPCR验证了它们的表达水平。这项研究中产生的数据可能为进一步的免疫反应研究提供有价值的资源，并提供针对虾非O1霍乱弧菌感染的改进策略。