We report detection of oscillations in brightness temperature, size and horizontal velocity of three small bright features in the chromosphere of a plage/enhanced-network region. The observations, which were taken with high temporal resolution (i.e. 2 s cadence) with the Atacama large millimetre/ submillimetre array (ALMA) in Band 3 (centred at 3 mm; 100 GHz), exhibit three small-scale features with oscillatory behaviour with different, but overlapping, distributions of period on the order of, on average, 90 ± 22 s, 110 ± 12 s and 66 ± 23 s, respectively. We find anti-correlations between perturbations in brightness, temperature and size of the three features, which suggest the presence of fast sausage-mode waves in these small structures. In addition, the detection of transverse oscillations (although with a larger uncertainty) may also suggest the presence of Alfvénic oscillations which are likely representative of kink waves. This work demonstrates the diagnostic potential of high-cadence observations with ALMA for detecting high-frequency magnetohydrodynamic waves in the solar chromosphere. Such waves can potentially channel a vast amount of energy into the outer atmosphere of the Sun. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘High-resolution wave dynamics in the lower solar atmosphere’.

中文翻译：

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使用阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米阵列观察到的小色球明亮特征的高频振荡


我们报告了对斑块/增强网络区域色球层中三个小明亮特征的亮度温度、尺寸和水平速度振荡的检测。这些观测结果是使用阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米阵列 (ALMA) 在频段 3（中心为 3 毫米；100 GHz）中以高时间分辨率（即 2 秒节奏）进行的，表现出三个具有振荡行为的小尺度特征：不同但重叠的周期分布平均分别为 90 ± 22 秒、110 ± 12 秒和 66 ± 23 秒。我们发现这三个特征的亮度、温度和大小的扰动之间存在反相关性，这表明这些小结构中存在快速香肠模式波。此外，横向振荡的检测（尽管具有较大的不确定性）也可能表明存在阿尔夫尼振荡，这可能代表扭结波。这项工作展示了使用 ALMA 进行高频率观测的诊断潜力，用于检测太阳色球层中的高频磁流体动力波。这种波有可能将大量能量引导到太阳的外层大气中。本文是 Theo Murphy 会议问题“太阳低层大气中的高分辨率波动力学”的一部分。