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Morphological complexity affects the diversity of marine microbiomes
The ISME Journal ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-21 , DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-00856-z
Matthew A Lemay 1, 2 , Melissa Y Chen 2 , Florent Mazel 2 , Katharine R Hind 1, 2, 3 , Samuel Starko 2, 3 , Patrick J Keeling 1, 2 , Patrick T Martone 1, 2 , Laura Wegener Parfrey 1, 2, 4
Affiliation  

Large eukaryotes support diverse communities of microbes on their surface—epibiota—that profoundly influence their biology. Alternate factors known to structure complex patterns of microbial diversity—host evolutionary history and ecology, environmental conditions and stochasticity—do not act independently and it is challenging to disentangle their relative effects. Here, we surveyed the epibiota from 38 sympatric seaweed species that span diverse clades and have convergent morphology, which strongly influences seaweed ecology. Host identity explains most of the variation in epibiont communities and deeper host phylogenetic relationships (e.g., genus level) explain a small but significant portion of epibiont community variation. Strikingly, epibiota community composition is significantly influenced by host morphology and epibiota richness increases with morphological complexity of the seaweed host. This effect is robust after controlling for phylogenetic non-independence and is strongest for crustose seaweeds. We experimentally validated the effect of host morphology by quantifying bacterial community assembly on latex sheets cut to resemble three seaweed morphologies. The patterns match those observed in our field survey. Thus, biodiversity increases with habitat complexity in host-associated microbial communities, mirroring patterns observed in animal communities. We suggest that host morphology and structural complexity are underexplored mechanisms structuring microbial communities.



中文翻译:

形态复杂性影响海洋微生物群落的多样性

大型真核生物在其表面上支持着不同的微生物群落——表生菌群——这对它们的生物学产生了深远的影响。已知构成微生物多样性复杂模式的替代因素——宿主进化历史和生态、环境条件和随机性——并不独立发挥作用,而且很难解开它们的相对影响。在这里,我们调查了 38 种同域海藻物种的表皮生物群,这些海藻物种跨越不同的进化枝并具有趋同的形态,这对海藻生态有很大影响。寄主身份解释了附生群落的大部分变异,而更深层次的寄主系统发育关系(例如,属水平)解释了附生群落变异的一小部分但重要的部分。引人注目的是,表皮群落组成受宿主形态的显着影响,表皮丰富度随着海藻宿主形态复杂性的增加而增加。这种效应在控制了系统发育的非独立性后是稳健的,并且对甲壳海藻最强。我们通过量化切割成类似于三种海藻形态的乳胶片上的细菌群落组装,通过实验验证了宿主形态的影响。这些模式与我们在实地调查中观察到的模式相匹配。因此,生物多样性随着宿主相关微生物群落的栖息地复杂性而增加,反映了在动物群落中观察到的模式。我们认为宿主形态和结构复杂性是构建微生物群落的未充分探索的机制。这种效应在控制了系统发育的非独立性后是稳健的,并且对甲壳海藻最强。我们通过量化切割成类似于三种海藻形态的乳胶片上的细菌群落组装,通过实验验证了宿主形态的影响。这些模式与我们在实地调查中观察到的模式相匹配。因此,生物多样性随着宿主相关微生物群落的栖息地复杂性而增加,反映了在动物群落中观察到的模式。我们认为宿主形态和结构复杂性是构建微生物群落的未充分探索的机制。这种效应在控制了系统发育的非独立性后是稳健的,并且对甲壳海藻最强。我们通过量化切割成类似于三种海藻形态的乳胶片上的细菌群落组装,通过实验验证了宿主形态的影响。这些模式与我们在实地调查中观察到的模式相匹配。因此,生物多样性随着宿主相关微生物群落的栖息地复杂性而增加,反映了在动物群落中观察到的模式。我们认为宿主形态和结构复杂性是构建微生物群落的未充分探索的机制。这些模式与我们在实地调查中观察到的模式相匹配。因此,生物多样性随着宿主相关微生物群落的栖息地复杂性而增加,反映了在动物群落中观察到的模式。我们认为宿主形态和结构复杂性是构建微生物群落的未充分探索的机制。这些模式与我们在实地调查中观察到的模式相匹配。因此,生物多样性随着宿主相关微生物群落的栖息地复杂性而增加,反映了在动物群落中观察到的模式。我们认为宿主形态和结构复杂性是构建微生物群落的未充分探索的机制。

更新日期:2020-12-21
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