In the context of smart city development and rapid urbanization worldwide, urban water supply system (UWSS) has been of vital importance to this process. This paper presents a comprehensive review on the transient flow research for UWSS management. This review consists of two aspects as follows. The first aspect is about the development and progress of current transient theory, including transient flow models, unsteady friction and turbulence models, and numerical simulation methods. The other aspect is about the utilization and application of transient-based methods for effective UWSS diagnosis and management, including leakage, discrete and extended partial blockages, unknown branch, and other defects in water pipelines. A total of 228 publications have been reviewed and analyzed in this paper. In addition to the state-of-the-art progress and achievement of the research on transients, the advances and recommendations of future work in this field are also discussed for the development and management of next-generation smart UWSS in the paper.

在全球智慧城市发展和快速城市化的背景下，城市供水系统（UWSS）在此过程中至关重要。本文对UWSS管理中的瞬态流研究进行了全面综述。这项审查包括以下两个方面。第一个方面是关于当前瞬态理论的发展和进步，包括瞬态流动模型，非定常摩擦和湍流模型以及数值模拟方法。另一个方面是关于基于瞬态的方法对UWSS的有效诊断和管理的利用和应用，包括泄漏，离散和扩展的局部阻塞，未知分支以及输水管道中的其他缺陷。本文共对228种出版物进行了审查和分析。